摘要
目的通过对某汽车整车制造厂噪声危害调查和检测，分析现场环境的噪声危害情况，并将噪声岗位进行分级，确定噪声危害的重点岗位，为汽车制造行业的噪声危害治理与防控提供依据。方法用CEL-633噪声频谱分析仪测量现场环境，用CEL-352个人噪声剂量计测量个体噪声强度，按岗位噪声结果依据国家标准评价是否超标及评估噪声作业级别。结果工作场所共检测88个点，噪声强度为66．4—105．4dB（A），有34个点噪声强度≥85dB（A），噪声强度≥85dB（A）占38．6％其中焊接车间和总装车间≥85dB（A）的检测点数占车间测点数的比例较高；共对35个岗位进行评价，其中有29个岗位噪声超标，占82．9％。对作业人员进行噪声分级，噪声危害主要集中在Ⅰ级（39．9％）和Ⅱ级（22．9％），但涂装车间的吹扫工为Ⅳ级作业，属于极重危害。结论该汽车制造厂噪声危害严重，需采取隔声降噪工程控制措施加强个体防护和职业卫生管理措施等来防控该行业的噪声危害。
Objective To investigate and measure the noise hazard in an automobile factory, analyze the situation of noise in workplace, classify the positions, confirm the key positions, and provide evidences for noise hazard prevention and control. Methods The noise in workplace was measured with CEL - 633 sound level meter, the individual noise dose was measured with CEL -352 noise dosimeters, and the monitoring results were assessed according to occupational health stand- ards. Results Eightyeight points were measured, the noise intensities were 66.4 - 15.4 dB （A）, the intensities of 38.6% points were more that 85 dB （A）. Thirty - five positions were assessed, 82. 9% exceeded the national limits. The positions of occupational hazards were classified by level,39. 9% positions were class Ⅰ ,22. 9% positions were class Ⅱ , but the air - purge workers in spray painting workshop belonged to class Ⅳ. Conclusion The noise hazard is serious in the automobile factory, and it is necessary to take some measures such as engineering control, add PPE, improve management to prevent and control the noise hazard in the automobile enterprise.
出处
《中国卫生工程学》
CAS
2014年第3期218-221,224,共5页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering
关键词
汽车制造
噪声危害
特征分析
Automobile factory
Noise hazard
Characteristic analysis
