摘要
目的调查广州市某汽车厂职业病危害因素和职工健康状况,为企业职业卫生管理以及行政部门风险评估、制定管理策略和政策提供依据。方法采用现场职业卫生学调查和描述流行病的方法,调查2017年某汽车厂职业病危害因素检测结果和职工职业健康监护资料,分析汽车厂的职业卫生状况。结果工作场所职业病危害因素检测结果显示,锰及其化合物超标率为4.00%,电焊烟尘超标率为3.44%,定点噪声超标率为35.86%,个体噪声超标率为44.30%,其余所检测的职业病危害因素均未超出国家职业卫生限值;职工健康检查结果示,疑似职业病、职业禁忌证、复查、其他疾病或异常和目前未见异常分别占总检查结果的0.02%、0.69%、0.42%、74.11%和24.76%;个体健康检查检出疾病或异常症状的前5位分别为体重偏重(18.63%)、肺通气功能障碍(15.62%)、脂肪肝(14.83%)、高频听阈提高(14.46%)和心电图异常(13.43%)。结论某汽车厂工作场所职业病危害因素超标情况严重,职工体检异常率高,职业卫生状况不容乐观,企业应进一步完善和落实职业卫生管理制度,以切实保护企业职工的健康。
[Objective]To survey the occupational hazards and workers＇ health status of an automobile manufacturing factory in Guangzhou City, provide for occupational health administration to enterprise and risk assessment, formulating management strategies and policies to administrative department. [Methods] By using the methods of occupational hygienic investigation and descriptive epidemiology, the occupational hazards testing results and the workers＇ occupational health monitoring data of an automobile manufacturing factory in 2017 were investigated, and the occupational health status of the factory was analyzed.[Results] The workplace occupational hazards testing results showed that the exceeding standard rate of manganese and its compounds was 4.00%, the exceeding standard rate of welding fumes was 3.44%, the exceeding standard rate of the post noise was 35.86%, the exceeding standard rate of the personal noise was 44.30%, and the testing results of remaining occupational hazards were not beyond the national occupational health limits. The workers＇ occupational health examination demonstrated that the suspected occupational disease, the occupational contraindication, the reexamination, the other diseases and abnormality and no abnormality at present accounted for 0.02%, 0.69%, 0.42%, 74.11%, 24.76% of the total physical examination results,respectively. The individual examination results showed that the first five diseases or abnormal symptoms were the overweight（18.36%）, the pulmonary ventilation dysfunction（15.62%）, the fatty liver（14.83%）, and the electrocardiogram abnormality（13.43%）,respectively. [Conclusion] The exceeding standard status of occupational hazards in workplace of this automobile manufacturing factory is serious, at the same time, the abnormal rate of workers＇ occupational health examination is high, and the occupational health status is not optimistic. Therefore, the enterprises should further to improve and practice the system of occupational health management to ensure the
作者
苏艺伟
李艳华
郭尧平
王建宇
张燕
刘移民
SU Yi-wei;LI Yan-hua;GUO Yao-ping;WANG Jian-yu;ZHANG Yah;LIU Yi-min(GOccupational Health Evaluation and Testing Centre,Guangzhou Prevention and Treatment Centre for Occupational Diseases,Guangzhou Guangdong,510620,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2018年第17期2310-2313,2317,共5页
Occupation and Health
基金
广州市职业环境与健康效应实验室建设项目(2014SY00020)
广州市医学重点专科建设项目(穗卫科教[2016]27号)
广州市产学研协同创新重大专项项目(201704020177)
广州市"121人才梯队工程"后备人才项目(穗人社发[2011]167号)
关键词
汽车制造业
职业病危害因素
职业健康检查
职业卫生
Automobile manufacturing
Occupational hazards
Occupational health examination
Occupational health
