摘要
目的了解四川省绵阳市≤15岁儿童接种乙肝疫苗后免疫效果,为乙肝疫苗预防接种及加强免疫提供依据。方法采取整群随机抽样方法,采集涪城区城乡1 503名只接受了3针乙肝疫苗的1~15岁儿童血清,定量检测其乙肝抗-HBs滴度。结果 1 503名儿童中抗体阳性901人,总体抗-HBs阳性率为59.9%（901/1 503）,男性儿童平均抗-HBs阳性率为58.9%（427/725）,女性为60.9%（474/778）,城市为61.0%（433/710）,农村为59.0%（468/793）;1岁组抗体阳性率最高,为95.3%（81/85）,6岁组最低,为37.5%（24/64）,儿童乙肝抗-HBs阳性率在1~6岁期间呈下降趋势,至6岁下降到最低,1~3岁乙肝抗-HBs滴度下降最快,4~6岁小幅波动,7岁开始逐渐缓慢上升,但均低于1~3岁组;乙肝抗-HBs滴度与性别、城乡差异无关。结论接种程序、免疫年限是影响乙肝疫苗免疫接种效果因素;正规接种3针乙肝疫苗儿童应在接种后3~6年间进行血清学监测,及时加强免疫。
Objective To study immune effect of hepatitis B vaccine among children of 1 - 15 years old in Mianyang city, Sichuan province, and to provide basis for improvement of hepatitis B vaccination and booster immunization. Methods Using cluster random sampling method, children of 1 - 15 years old and having three times of hepatitis B vac- cine vaccination were selected in Fucheng urban and rural areas. The titer of hepatitis B virsus surface antigen antibody （anti-HBs） was detected. Results Among the 1 503 children studied,the positive rate of anti-HBs was 59.9% （901/ 1503）. The positive rate of anti-HBs was 58. 9% （427/725） for the boys,60. 9% （474/778） for the girls,61% （433/710） for the children living in urban area,and 59% for the rural children. The antibody positive rate was the highest among the children,of one year old（95.3% ,81/85） ,and that was lowest for the children of 6 years old（37. 5% ,24/64）. The anti-HBs positive rate showed a declining trend in the children aged 1 -6 years and the antibody positive rate was the lowest in the children of 6 years old. For the children of 1 -3 years old,the titer of anti-HBs decreased most quickly. The small fluctuation of anti-HBs was observed in the chidren aged 4 -6 years and then the rate began to rise slowly ,but still lower than that of the 1 -3 years old children. Anti-HBs titer was independent of gender and living areas of the children. Conclusion Vaccincation scheme and duration affect the immune effect of hepatitis B vaccine and serological monitoring should be conducted among the children 3 to 6 years after the 3 consecutive hepatitis vaccination for a timely booster immunization.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第7期884-886,共3页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
国家“十一五”重大科技专项(2009ZX10004-905)
关键词
乙肝疫苗
免疫效果
加强免疫
hepatitis B vaccine
immune effect
booster immunization
