摘要
组织是因个人应对环境能力不足而产生的行动系统,在某种意义上,组织是从属于对环境的征服之需要的。所以,在既有的组织中,我们都可以看到一种环境控制的追求。在社会的低度复杂性和低度不确定性条件下,组织的环境控制在许多时候表现出了成功,而且也往往能够使组织在环境控制中取得了预期结果。然而,20世纪后期以来,人类社会迅速地走进了高度复杂性和高度不确定性的时代,使组织的控制追求遇到了挑战。在高度复杂性和高度不确定性条件下,组织的环境控制已经变得不再可能,因而,必须谋求组织模式的根本性变革,即把既有的官僚制组织改造成合作制组织。合作制组织产生于高度复杂性和高度不确定性的社会背景之中,它没有也不可能有环境控制的冲动,而是表现出了对环境的适应性要求。当然,合作制组织也会有环境管理的问题,但这种环境管理将表现出一种灵活性的应变策略。
The organization is a system of action which was generated by the insufficiency of individual ability to respond the environment; in some sense, the organization is subordinate to the need of conquering the environment. Therefore, we can observe the pursuit of environmental control in existing organizations. In social conditions of low complexity and low uncertainty, environmental control in organizations appeared to success in many cases, and it also can frequently enable organi-zations to achieve desired results. However, since the late 20th century, human society has rapidly entered into the era of high complexity and high uncertainty, and it makes the pursuit of organiza-tional control to be challenged. In the conditions of high complexity and high uncertainty, environ-mental control in organizations has become impossible; therefore, we must seek the fundamental change of organizational mode, that is, to transform the existing bureaucratic organization into a cooperative organization. Cooperative organization is generating in social context of high complexity and high uncertainty, it hasn＇ t and couldn＇ t have impulsions of environmental control, but it claimed the demand of adaptability to the environment. Of course, cooperative organization will encounter the problems of environmental management, but such environmental management will exhibit a flexible and responsive strategies.
出处
《南京社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第6期64-72,共9页
Nanjing Journal of Social Sciences
关键词
组织
环境
控制
合作制组织
organization
environment
control
cooperative organization
