摘要
以露天茶园、普通膜大棚茶园为对照,研究了冬春季低温期大棚茶园覆盖转光膜并配合补充CO2气体的生理生态效应.结果表明,转光膜的保温、增湿效果稍优于普通膜.覆膜期间,1～3月棚内平均气温比露天茶园分别提高2.8～3.4℃、3.1～3.9℃、1.3～1.9℃,平均湿度比露天茶园高5.0～10.4个百分点,保温增湿作用显著.覆膜大棚的光照强度较露天茶园降低7.9％～30.2％,转光膜的透光率比普通膜略低,但转光膜大棚内茶树净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率显著高于普通膜大棚,略低于露天茶园.转光膜大棚内,茶树新梢萌动期、春茶开采期比普通膜大棚提前6～7d,比露天茶园提前23～27 d;转光膜大棚茶园明前茶产量比露天茶园高51.2％～56.2％,覆盖转光膜并补充CO2使春茶总产量比露天茶园增加33.3％,克服了以往单纯覆盖农膜导致春茶产量下降的缺陷;冬春季低温期覆膜对全年茶叶产量无不利影响.茶园覆盖转光膜有利于碳同化作用,水浸出物、茶多酚、可溶性糖含量增加,可促进茶汤的浓厚度、甜度.茶园覆盖转光膜后,棚内小气候变化对假眼小绿叶蝉、茶蚜繁殖有一定的抑制作用.
Taking open-air tea garden, greenhouse tea garden covered with ordinary agricultural film as control, studied physiological and ecological effects of greenhouse tea garden covered with light conversion film and supplement of CO2 gas during low temperature period in winter and spring. The resuhs showed that the effect of maintaining temperature and increasing humidity of light conversion film was slightly better than ordinary film. From January to March, compared with open-air tea garden, average temperature of greenhouse increased by 2.8-3.4℃,3.1-3.9℃,1.3-1.9℃, average humidity was higher than open-air tea garden by 5.0-10.4 percent. Compared with open-air tea garden, light intensity of greenhouse decreased by 7.9%-30.2%, the transmittance of light conversion film was slightly lower than ordinary film, but the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate of tea tree in greenhouse covered with light conversion fihn were significantly higher than those in ordinary film greenhouse, slightly lower than those in open-air tea garden. Light conversion film combined with CO2 supplement could significantly increase photosynthesis of tea tree and tea production. In light conversion film greenhouse, tea shoots sprout stage, spring tea start picking period were earlier than ordinary film greenhouse tea garden by 6-7 days, earlier than the open-air tea garden by 23-27 days; compared with open-air tea garden, yield of Mingqian tea （means tea produced before Ching Ming Festival） increased by 51.2%-56.2%, spring tea yield increased by 33.3%, it overcome the defects of covering film solely resulted spring tea production declined in past. Greenhouse tea garden covered with film during cold period in winter and spring had no adversely effect on annual tea production. Tea garden covered with light conversion film was conducive to carbon assimilation, water extract, polyphenols, soluble sugar content of tea increasing, so promoted strength and sweetness of tea soup. After covering light conversion film
出处
《广东农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第10期18-22,共5页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(21271074)
广东省教育部产学研结合项目(2011B0940010)
广东省科技计划项目(2012B031000027)
关键词
大棚茶园
转光膜
产量
品质
greenhouse tea garden
light conversionfilm
yield
quality
