摘要
为了提高植物油甲酯的转化率和收率,对植物油甲酯的合成工艺进行了改进。考察了酯交换反应中引入剪切机的增效作用,确定了最短反应时间;并考察了硫酸催化副产物脂肪酸皂化物酯化来提高分离效率和收率的可行性。结果表明:经过改进的工艺,酯交换反应效率得到了大幅提高,实验室装置下只需5 min就可以达到单甘酯含量小于0.5%,二甘酯含量小于1%,三甘酯含量未检出的水平,甲酯转化率达到99.1%;反应生成的副产物脂肪酸皂化物被硫酸中和后与甲醇发生酯化反应,最短反应时间为1 h,产品酸值(KOH)小于0.8 mg/g;由于消除了脂肪酸皂化物带来的乳化效果,实现了油水快速分离,且副产物最终全部转化为脂肪酸甲酯,使产品的1次收率达到99.5%;所用原料皆为工业原料,成本低,对原料油脂选择性较宽。
The synthesis process of vegetable oil methyl ester was improved so as to increase the conversion rate and yield of vegetable oil methyl ester. The synergistic effect of shearer introduced to the transesterification was investigated, and the shortest reaction time was determined. The feasibility of sulfuric acid- catalyzed esterification of fatty acid saponifiable matter to improve the separation efficiency and yield was also researched. The results showed that the transesterification efficiency of the improved process increased greatly. The contents of monoglycerides, diglycerides and triglycerides were less than 0.5 %, 1% and undetectable respectively only in 5 min with laboratory device, and the conversion rate reached 99.1%. The fatty acid saponifiable matter, the by - product in the reaction was neutralized by sulfuric acid and then esterified with methanol, the shortest reaction time was 1 h, and the acid value of the product was below 0.8 mgKOH/g. Since emulsification effect caused by the fatty acid saponifiable matter was eliminated, the quick separation of oil and water was realized, and all the by - products transformed to fatty acid methyl ester, so the yield of the product reached 99.5%. All the raw materials were industrial grade with low cost and wide selection of raw oils.
出处
《中国油脂》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期41-43,共3页
China Oils and Fats
关键词
植物油甲酯
酯交换
酯化
vegetable oil methyl ester
transesterification
esterification
