摘要
南京国民政府主导下的经济发展具有强制性制度变迁特征,亦是对二千多年中国"重农抑商"路径锁定的继续突破。政府通过制度与立法保障以及国家资本主义政策,建构现代金融体制和加强国家关键资源管控,推进自由契约、财产权和自由企业的保护,激活要素市场、产品市场,引导新兴工商产业发展和传统农业振兴;开放与自由使金融市场、商品市场以及土地市场表现活跃,乡村复兴使传统农业迈向现代转型之路,商会、农会、同业公会等民间经济组织及舆论自由构成经济发展的助力与保护,同时还促进政府及其决策之优化;政府与市场双向互动关系迎来了近代中国经济发展的第二个黄金期。该时期南京国民政府重构政府权威与适时有效干预经济发展、政府与市场在经济社会发展中形成双轮驱动态势,以及大量专家精英参与制度设计和决策减少试错成本等,具有重要的历史借鉴意义。
The economic development under the dominance of Nanjing KMT Government has some features of compulsory institutional evolution; it is also a continuous breakthrough of China's two-thousand-year route of ' encouraging agriculture while restraining business'. Through the safeguard of system and legislation and the state capitalist policies, the government constructed a modern financial system, strengthened the control of national key resources management, promoted theprotection of free contract, property rights and free enterprises, activated factor markets and product markets, and promoted the development of new industries and commerce and the revitalization of the traditional agriculture. The openness and freedom made the financial markets, commodity markets and land markets more active; the rural revival turned the traditional agriculture to the modern transformation; the non-government economic organizations, such as chamber of commerce, peasant unions and guilds, together with free opinions protected the economic development, and helped the optimization of the government's decision-making. The two-way interaction between the government and the market ushered in the second Golden Age in the economic development of Modern China.All the measures taken by the Nanjing KMT Government during that period left us with significant historical enlightenment: the reconstitution of government authority and the timely and effective intervention to economic development, the formation of the double driving-force in the economic and social development by the government and the market, the participation of a large number of experts and elites in the system designing and decision-making which reduced trial and error costs, and so on.
出处
《江西财经大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第3期92-100,131-132,共9页
Journal of Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics
关键词
南京国民政府时期
政府主导
市场调适
经济发展
the period of Nanjing KMT Government
dominated by government
market adjustment
economic development
