摘要
伴随工业化和城市化的快速推进,中国城市人口的规模和流动性都在迅速增加。在中国城乡二元经济结构和以户籍为代表的城市社会人口管理制度背景下,城市内部不同身份群体社会隔离的程度在不断提高。但对于中国快速城市化进程中大都市基于居住的社会隔离发展趋势和特点,国内文献还研究甚少。利用最新的第六次人口普查(2010年)的微观数据,包括居委会和街道等多个微观尺度,可从户籍、学历、就业和年龄结构等多维度对上海居住隔离情况进行最新评估。在测度整体居住隔离指标上,通过探究局部居住隔离指标的数值与空间分布特征,可深化对居住隔离的层次性和空间差异性的认识。结果显示,随着2000年以来住房市场化程度加深和产业结构变迁,上海居住隔离正在加快,尤其户籍人口与非户籍人口之间的居住隔离已经比较严重,正在对城市社会管理提出新的挑战。因此,必须加快户籍制度改革,改变按户籍人口的公共服务配置机制,优化公共服务资源的空间配置。
With the rapid urbanization in China, an increasing number of rural residents migrate to the urban area and the residential segregation between local residents and rural migrant workers has become a serious issue in recent years. This paper first reviews classic literature in the area of residential segregation and place special attention to those domestic evidences. Based on the data of the sixth national population census, this paper further examines the level of residential segregation in 2010 in Shanghai at three scale levels： district level, jiedao（街道） level and juweihui（“居委会”）level. Although the main focus is the residential segregation between local residents and migrant residents, we also investigate other perspectives of residential segregation, including the education-based, age-based and job-based segregation. We reach the conclusion that the residential segregation between locals and migrants is already serious in Shanghai and has accelerated in recent years. The paper ends with our policy suggestions.
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第5期17-28,共12页
Academic Monthly
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"快速城市化进程与住房公共政策:交互性与协调性发展研究"(NSF71173045)
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大攻关项目"我国城镇住房保障体系及运行机制研究"(13JZD009)
上海市曙光学者计划"房地产业与经济社会发展和谐共生研究"(13SG35)的阶段性成果
关键词
居住隔离
快速城市化社会分层
外来人口
户籍
residential segregation, rapid urbanization, social stratification, migrant, registration
