摘要
目的:探讨农村初产妇产后抑郁发生的相关影响因素。方法:对586例农村初产妇在产前及产后分别予以多个心理量表进行测评,以爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)13分为界分为有产后抑郁的研究组及无产后抑郁的正常对照组,比较两组之间各个因素的差别。结果:①产后抑郁症的发生率为14.85%;②两组在SCL-90的阳性项目数、阳性项目总分、躯体化、抑郁、焦虑等因子及SAS、SDS总分等方面差异有统计学意义,研究组得分要高于对照组;在应对方式上研究组多采用消极应对方式,而对照组多采用积极应对方式;③两组在文化程度、怀孕形式、孕后有无足够社会支持、孕后会否容易紧张、对怀孕、分娩过程的了解、对分娩的态度、对产后体形改变的态度、胎儿性别与自己期望相符与否、产后喂养方式、产后是否有人照顾及EPQ人格特征等方面差异有统计学意义;④二项Logistic回归分析显示,农村初产妇出现产后抑郁的相关影响因素依次为:SDS总分、SAS总分、产后是否有人照顾、消极应对方式、孕后有无足够社会支持、积极应对方式、SCL-90阳性项目总分、怀孕形式、文化程度、SCL-90焦虑、对产后体形改变的态度和SCL-90抑郁。结论:农村初产妇的产后抑郁发生率较高,加强对初产妇的认知心理治疗、修正歪曲认知、改变应对方式、增强对怀孕知识的了解、避免意外怀孕、加强对孕产妇的支持照顾、调整产前的心理健康状态,将有利于减少产后抑郁的发生。
Objective：To discuss relevant factors of postpartum depression in rural primiparas. Methods：586 primiparas withseveral mental scales before and after delivery were investigated and divided into the postpartum depression research group and normalcontrol group according to the EPDS score of 13 to compare the relevant factors between the two groups. Results： （1） The incidence ofpostpartum depression was 14. 85%. （2） There were statistical significances between the two groups in the number of positive item,the total score of the positive item, the somatization, depression and anxiety sub-scales of SCL-90 and the total SAS and SDS scores,and the scores of research group was higher than that of control group; study group was apt to use more negative coping styles whilecontrol group was apt to use more positive coping styles. （3） There were differences between the two groups in the degree of education,the patterns of pregnance, social support, feeling nervous after pregnance, knowledge about pregnance and delivery, the attitude aboutdelivery and the changed figure, the concordance rate between the fetus＇ sex and their expectations, feeding patterns, postpartum careand EPQ score. （4） The binary logistic analysis showed that the factors influencing the postpartum depression were the total score ofSAS and SDS, postpartum care, negative coping styles, social support, positive coping styles, the total score of positive items of SCL-90, the patterns of pregnance, the degree of education, the score of anxiety sub-scale of SCL-90, the attitude about the changed fig-ure and the score of depression sub-scale of SCL-90. Conclusions： The incidence of postpartum depression in rural primiparas ishigh. To reduce the occurrence of postpartum depression, we should strengthen the cognitive psychotherapy for the primiparas, correcttheir irrational cognition, change the coping styles, enhance the knowledge about pregnance, avoid the unexpected pregnance, increasesocial support for the primiparas and adjust the psy
出处
《中国民康医学》
2014年第4期1-5,共5页
Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Health
基金
广东省计生委基金项目(编号:20110329
2012332)
关键词
初产妇
产后抑郁
影响因素
Primipara
Postpartum depression
Influencing factors
