摘要
假借作为六书之一,在整个六书研究历史中是争议颇多的话题。清代人"假借"学说继承、发展了宋元明学者的"四体二用"说,主要有假借为用字、造字、兼体用三种观点。在主张假借兼体用说的学者中,一派以本字的有无作为造字假借和用字假借区分的标准,并用"通假"来指称用字的假借,另外一派则从字形结构上寻找造字假借的因素。其次,清人对假借与引申的关系有三种主要观点,其中段玉裁的"真假借"理论和朱骏声对假借概念的重新界定影响深远。在实践中,清人的假借研究依然存在一些问题,对引申与假借的关系纠缠不清等。
Substitution, one of the six categories of Chinese characters, remained a much disputable issue in the long-term study categories of Chinese characters. The scholars in the Qing Dynasty carried on and developed the theory of substitution of four styles and two functions advocated by scholars in the Song, the Yuan and the Ming Dy- nasty, concluding the three functions of substitution： word use, word making and concurrent use. Those scholars who specialized in the concurrent function of substitution fell into two groups： one groups took the existence of the words for the standard to distinguish word-use substitution from word-making substitution whereas the other just sought the basis of word-making substitution with reference to formal structure of the word. Moreover, scholars in the Qing Dynasty took three leading views with regard to the relationship between substitution and extension, espe- cially Duan Yucai, who introduced the theory of ＂true and false substitution＂, and Zhu Junsheng, who re-defined the concept of substitution. In Practice, the scholars exposed some problems in their studies of substitution, for ex- ample, their confusion over the relationship between extension and substitution.
出处
《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第2期101-110,共10页
Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(08BYY040)
关键词
清代文字学
六书学
假借
通假
引申
philology in the Qing Dynasty
studies of the six categories of Chinese characters
substitution
interchangeability
extension
