摘要
对2000年以采中国大陆30多个5.0≤M_s≤7.0地震和部分5级以下地震灾害损失资料进行统计分析,总结归纳出农村典型的震害特征,得到一些震害的经验教训和启示。通过总结归纳近年来新疆、甘肃、海南等地实施农居地震安全工程的典型案例和成功经验,提出了进一步推进农居地震安全工程、提高农村民居抗震设防水平的对策建议。
From statistical analysis of information on disaster losses caused by more than 30 5.0≤MS≤7.0 earthquakes and some MS ＜5.0 earthquakes in China since 2000,we summarize the typical characteristics of seismic damage and experience in rural areas.（1） The epicenters of these earthquakes are mostly located in active tectonic belts and seismically active belts,so casualties and economic losses are great.The direct economic losses caused by an earthquake swarm of about magnitude 5.5 are equivalent to 3.6 ％ of the provincial revenue budget.（2） Destruction and collapse of houses and public facilities are major factors in direct losses from earthquake disasters.Damage to and loss of rural houses in MS＜7.0 earthquakes accounts for over 60 ％ of total direct losses from earthquake disasters,and can be as much as 96.7 ％.（3） Earthquake damage to rural houses with different structures in different regions can vary markedly：damage to rural houses in the western region is greater than in the middle and eastern regions; damage to rural houses with traditional,non-formal civil,brick,stone and wood structures is significantly greater than for formally designed and constructed rural houses of brick,with frame structures.（4） Some small earthquakes of magnitude＜5.0 may cause great disasters,and in these earthquakes the loss of houses is substantially equal to all other losses from the disaster.（5） The implementation of requirements for seismic fortification of rural houses and public buildings has a tremendous impact on the earthquake damage level,especially in western areas inhabited by minority nationalities.If rural houses and public facilities without scientific fortification are hit by an earthquake,the damage will be serious.（6） Because rural houses and many public buildings are built without formal design and construction guidance,their seismic performance is extremely poor.Scientific siting,specific design,and good construction are the most direct,effective,and reliable ways of mitigatin
出处
《地震工程学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期936-944,共9页
China Earthquake Engineering Journal
基金
国家社科基金重大项目(11&ZD054)
关键词
农村民房
地震灾害
震害特征
抗震设防
抗震能力
对策
rural buildings
earthquake damage
earthquake disaster characteristics
earthquake prevention and mitigation
anti-seismic capability
countermeasure
