摘要
针对广西合山煤田煤炭资源的枯竭,煤层开采引发的地面塌陷日益增多,地质灾害问题突出的现状,以煤田上塘矿区中南部的4个浅埋采空区为研究对象,在野外调查的基础上,利用离散元法建立三维数值模型,进行采空区顶板和地表的变形与应力分析,探讨了采空塌陷机理模式。分析结果表明:①采空区规模直接决定了地表变形程度,表土层厚度的影响作用是双向的;②地表水平移动极大值向下山方向偏移,下山方向顶板覆岩更易断裂和垮落;③采空区上覆岩层发育"两带",主要破坏形式为拉张破坏和剪切破坏;④浅埋采空塌陷的形成可归纳为开始、发展、贯通和稳定4个阶段,不同阶段均有典型的变形和受力表征。
In view of depletion of coal resources, the increase of ground subsidence caused by mining and geological dis- asters up in Guangxi Heshan Coal Seam,four shallow goafs in south-central part of Shangtang Mine are listed as research object to analyze the deformation and stress of roof and surface in mined-out area by building the three-dimensional numerical model with discrete element method,based on field investigation. The mechanism model of mining subsidence is discussed. The re- suits show that： （2）The goaf scale directly determines the degree of surface deformation, and the influence of surface soil＇s thickness is double acting;（3） Maximum of horizontal surface movement shift to downhill, and roof rock at downhill more easily results in breakage and caving;（4） ＂two zones＂ have developed at the goaf overburden, and its main failure mode are tensile failure and shear failure ; （5）The formation of shallow mining collapse is summarized as four stages ： beginning, development, perforation and stable. Each stage has its typical characterization of deformation and stress.
出处
《金属矿山》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第3期26-30,共5页
Metal Mine
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41202247)
中央高校优秀青年教师基金项目(编号:CUGL110203)
关键词
浅埋煤层
采空塌陷
离散元法
破坏机理
Shallow seam, Mining collapse, Discrete Element Method, Failure mechanism
