摘要
本文研究了生物絮团对养殖环境的清洁作用及对虾生理指标的影响。生物絮团实验梯度设置为0、5、10 ml/L,在实验开始后将凡纳滨对虾随机放入氨氮浓度(2.5±0.3)mg/L的实验水槽中,以不添加生物絮团组为对照组,分别于0,6,12,24,48h时取对虾血淋巴,鳃丝、肝胰脏样品并进行免疫和解毒代谢指标测定。结果表明:生物絮团能有效地吸收水中的氨氮,来提高虾体免疫活性和解毒代谢能力。各处理组水中氨氦随着时间的推移逐渐降低,24h之后维持在一个较低水平。各处理组虾体血液、肝胰脏、鳃丝中精氨酸酶活力、谷氨酰胺合成酶活力随着生物絮团将水体中氨氮的清除逐渐降低,在24h,凡纳滨对虾鳃丝、血淋巴、肝胰脏中谷氨酰胺合成酶在生物絮团处理组之间以及处理组和对照组相比均差异显著(P<0.05),并且其活性下降程度与生物絮团浓度成正比。各处理组对虾血细胞数量,吞噬率,溶菌,抗菌活力在施加生物絮团后呈现先上升,后下降趋势,48h降低在一个较低水平。由此可见,生物絮团对养殖水体中氨氦有明显的清洁作用,并对凡纳滨对虾免疫指标和解毒代谢指标影响显著。
The purpose of this paper is to research the Effects of biofloc on the the breeding environment cleaning and shrimp physiological indicators. Culture tanks were divided into three biofloc treatments. 0, 5, 10 ml/L biological flocs, and each groups consisted of 3 replicate tanks （60 L）. At the beginning of the experiment, the Litopenaeus vannamei were randomly added into the tanks which contained the water with （2.5±0.3） mg/L ammonia concentration. After adding the biological flocs to the tanks 0, 6, 12, 24, 48h, sampled and determinated the immunity and detoxification indicators of shrimp. The results showed that, the biological flocs could effectively absorb ammonia nitrogens in the water, im- mune and detoxification capacity of shrimp were improved significantly. Ammonia nitrogen in each treatment groups of biological flocs gradually decreased over time. After 24h, maintained at a low lev- el. With the ammonia nitrogen gradually reduced by biological flocs, arginase and glutamine syntheta- ses enzyme activity in the plasma, hepatopancreas and gill of shrimp were also gradually decreased. At 24h, glutamine synthetase in the gill, hemolymph, hepatopancreas of shrimps in the biological flocs be- tween 5 ml/L, 10 ml/L treatment group compared with the control groups were significantly different （P^0.05）, and the decrease of activity and biological floc is proportional to the concentration, then maintained at a relatively low level. After adding biological floc, the total haemocytes count, phagocyt- ic rate, lysozyme, antibacterial activity of each treatment groups rised at first, then decreased, and de- creased at a low level at 48h. Thus, the effect of biological floc cleaning is effective on aquaculture wa- ter. And the immunity （total haemocytes count, phagocytic rate, antibacterial and bacteriolytic activity of hemolymph） and detoxification indicators （arginase and glutamine synthetase enzyme activity） showed significant different.
出处
《海洋湖沼通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期67-73,共7页
Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology
基金
农业部公益性行业科研专项课题(201103034)资助
关键词
生物絮团
氨氮
凡纳滨对虾
解毒代谢酶
免疫指标
biofloc
ammonia
Litopenaeus vannamei
detoxification enzymes
immune indicator
