摘要
对含有迭代的复杂项目计算工期与工时可以为该项目的进度管理与成本控制提供重要的依据。考虑到迭代是计算的主要困难且传统的项目管理工具无法表示含有迭代的项目进程,采用设计结构矩阵为含有迭代的复杂项目建立模型,在此基础上对模型进行拓展并设计了含有迭代的复杂项目工期与工时计算模型,使含有迭代的复杂项目工期与工时的计算成为可能。
The calculation of cycle time and working hours for complex projects can help improve project schedule management and cost control.Complex project （such as product development） is always characterized by highly coupled,interdependent activities.Interaction is a fundamental aspect of complex projects.Information flow process models can help effectively reduce complex project＇ s cycle time and gain competitive advantage through process improvement.From the information flow perspective,each individual activity is an information processing unit that receives information from previous activities and transforms it into information for subsequent tasks.Creating detail information flow description for a project involves explicitly mapping out the technical aspects of projects because information needs create dependencies between tasks and the dependency determines project structure and the most appropriate task sequence.Many traditional project management tools,such as Gantt chat and PERT,cannot describe the information flow from one activity to another.These tools also fail to address feedback and iteration problems.However,the Design Structure Matrix （DSM） method is able to provide a concise,clear,and visual representation for relationships between information flows of every activity in one matrx.It is especially useful for highlighting iteration （feedback） and coupled activities in a design process,which lays a solid foundation to address these issues.DSM method is used to represent a project process according to the characteristics of complex projects.We further discuss how to use DSM partitioning to improve the process of complex projects.Partitioning is the process of manipulating DSM rows and columns so that new DSM becomes lower triangular form.For complex projects,it is highly unlikely that simple row and column manipulation will result in a lower triangular form.Therefore,project objectives change form eliminating feedback marks to moving them as close as possible to the diagonal.In doing so,fewer
出处
《管理工程学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第1期166-170,共5页
Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(70702013
71072070)
