摘要
目的了解医院感染发生现状和抗菌药物使用情况,分析医院感染相关危险因素,制定干预措施。方法依据患者信息查询系统,采取网上病历查阅与床旁病例调查相结合的方法,逐一填写调查表,用统计方法进行统计。结果应调查309例,实查298例,实查率96.4%,医院感染现患率2.7%,例次感染率3.0%;感染部位以下呼吸道感染居首位,占33.3%,其次为泌尿系感染,占22.2%;现患率最高科室为ICU占66.6%,其次是神经外科占14.3%;医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,抗菌药物使用率为50.7%,治疗性用药占48.3%,预防用药占36.4%,治疗+预防占15.2%;单联用药占80.8%,二联用药占17.2%,三联用药占2.0%;病原菌标本送检率为37.1%。结论加强对医院危险因素及重点环节的管理,监控抗菌药物的使用,可有效降低医院感染的发生。
OBJECTIVE To understand current status of incidence of nosocomial infections, investigate the use of antibiotics, and analyze related risk factors for the nosocomial infections so as to put forward intervention measures. METHODS According to the information inquiry system, the questionnaires were filled out by means of online review of medical records combined with bedside investigation, then the statistical analyzed was performed. RESULTS Totally 309 patients were expected to be investigated, and 298 cases have been actually investigated with the actual inspection rate of 96.4 % the prevalence rate of nosoeomial infections was 2.7%, and the case-time infection rate was 3.0 %. Among the cases of infections, the patients with lower respiratory tract infections ranked the first place （33.3 %）, followed by the patients with urinary tract infections （22.2 %）. The prevalence rate was the highest （66.6%） in ICU, followed by the department of neurosurgery （14.3 %）. The gram-negative bacilli were the predominant pathogens causing the nosocomial infections. 50.7%% of the patients have used antibiotics, among which 48.3% used for therapeutic purpose, 36.4% for prophylactic use, 15.2% for therapeutic use plus prophylactic use; the patients with single use of antibiotics accounted for 80.8%, the patients with two-drug use 17.2 %, the patients with three-drug use 2.0%. The submission rate of specimens was 37.1 %. CONCLUSION It is an effective way to strengthen the management of the risk factors and the key links and monitor the use of antibiotics so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期1461-1462,1465,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
秦皇岛市科学研究与发展计划基金项目(201101A252)
关键词
医院感染
现患率
调查分析
Nosocomial infection
Prevalence rate
Investigation and analysis
