摘要
很多人认为,海德格尔执着于用语言显示存在,而老子和庄子则主张摈弃语言才能把握"道"本身,其实,这是武断的结论。海德格尔和老庄都试图超越主客二分,他们都反对用主体性的语言来把握"道"和"存在",推崇自然流露出的"无心之言"。此外,海德格尔与先秦道家的语言观也有很大差异,海德格尔的"语言是存在的家"这个命题使得"存在"这个终极视域在一定程度上丧失了其原本性。而在老子、庄子看来,某种语言是否能够开启道境,不取决于它的形式和修辞手法,而取决于言说者是否去除了"成心"。海德格尔与先秦道家语言观差异的根源是中西语言结构的差异,在西方,"存在"必须通过语言呈现,但由于西方的日常语言本身预设了主客二元对立,所以海德格尔不得不借助于类似于汉语类比思维的"诗言"来彰显"存在"。
Many people think that according to Heidegger＇ s view, Being can be presented only by language, but Lao tzu and Chuang Tzu thought that only if abandon language, Tao can be presented. In fact, this view is not correct. Heideg- ger, Lao tzu and Chuang Tzu all went beyond subject object dualism, they oppose to grasp the Tao and Being by the use of subjective language and advocated a kind of particular language by which an pre-objectivity horizon can present. The language view of Heidegger and Taoism in Pre - Qin Period are quite different. The proposition ＂Language is home of Being＂ makes the ＂Being＂ lost its own character to some extent. But according to Lao Tzu and Chuang Tzu＇ s view, a language can open the horizon of Tao because it can eliminate our intellectual prejudices. The form and rhetoric of lan- guage are not important. The differences of language view between Heidegger and Taoism in Pre - Qin is rooted in the different structures between Chinese and Western language. In the West, ＂Being＂ must be presented by the language. Heidegger had to highlight Being by means of poem because Western language presupposes the subject object dualism.
出处
《贵阳学院学报（社会科学版）》
2014年第1期103-108,共6页
Journal of Guiyang University:Social Sciences
关键词
海德格尔
老子
庄子
道家
语言观
Heidegger
Lao Tzu
Chuang Tzu
Taoism
language view
