摘要
采用PCR产物直接测序的方法,对39只东乡绿壳蛋鸡(♂19、♀20)的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)控制区进行遗传多态性分析;并与9个国内其他地方乌鸡种的209个个体进行序列比对和进化分析.结果显示:东乡绿壳蛋鸡mtDNA控制区534bp序列的G+C含量为43.1%;序列共存在21个变异位点,其中转换占71.4%(15/21)、颠换占28.6%(6/21);核苷酸多样度为0.008 29±0.001 30.分析10个乌鸡种的248个个体共获得73种单倍型,其中东乡绿壳蛋鸡含9种单倍型,单倍型多样度为0.773±0.048.品种间进化分歧显示:东乡绿壳蛋鸡与同处江西省的泰和丝羽乌骨鸡遗传距离最近(0.009);湖北省的郧县乌骨鸡与云南省的盐津乌骨鸡、腾冲雪鸡距离最远(0.019、0.020).结合邻接系统发生树发现,国内10个乌鸡种群体共可归纳出6大分支起源,其中,与红色原鸡(Gallus gallus spadiceus)亚种同源的B分支包含的个体数最多(77/248,31.0%),A分支其次(69/248,27.8%);东乡绿壳蛋鸡含3个分支,A分支最多(25/39,64.1%).本研究表明,东乡绿壳蛋鸡的遗传多态性呈中等;同时,国内各地方乌鸡种之间存在较为明显的地域关联性,而其母系来源则各有偏重.
Wugu chicken is a marvel of traditional Chinese poultry breeds and is characterized by black skin and bones , and grayish-black meat . There are nearly 17 species of Wugu chicken , not including breeds with partially black skin and bones , recorded in A nimal Genetic Resources in China published by the China National Commission of Animal Genetic Resources . Among these breeds , the Dongxiang blue-eggshell chicken was originally bred in Dongxiang County , Jiangxi Province , China . This breed is characterized by black feathers and most of the crest , beak , skin , muscle , bone , shins , and its toes are also black . The unique characteristic of the Dongxiang chicken is a blue eggshell . Mitochondrial DNA （ mtDNA） analysis has become an effective method to explore genetic relation among populations because of its low molecular mass , simple structure , rapid evolutionary rate , maternal inheritance , and non-tissue specification , among other features . The aim of the present study was to analyze mtDNA control region polymorphisms and evolution in conservative groups of Dongxiang blue-eggshell chickens in comparison to other domestic Wugu breeds to better elucidate the genetic structure of Dongxiang chickens to further develop conservation and exploitation programs . Blood samples were collected from 39 （ 19 cocks and 20 hens） eleventh generation Dongxiang blue-eggshell conservative chickens and DNA was extracted and then PCR-amplified and the products were sequenced . Nine other samples from domestic Wugu chicken breeds bred by our team or collected from the NCBI database were used for nucleotide sequence analysis . All breeds used in this study were recorded in A nimal Genetic Resources in China and all collected data were analyzed using DNASTAR 5 .0 , DNASP 5 .10 , and MEGA 5 .10 softwares . The results showed that the 534 bp mtDNA control region sequence of the Dongxiang blue-eggshell chicken had a G＋C content of 43 .1% and included 21 variable sites , of which 71.4% （15 /21 ） were transitional a
出处
《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期103-110,共8页
Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences
基金
国家肉鸡产业技术体系综合试验站项目(CARS-42-Z07)
浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2012C12906-16)
杭州市科技发展计划项目(20120332H07)
关键词
东乡绿壳蛋鸡
线粒体DNA
多态性
乌鸡
进化
Dongxiang blue-eggshell chicken
mitochondrial DNA
polymorphism
Wugu chicken
evolutionary relatedness
