摘要
通过对土壤容重、土壤坚实度、土壤含水量、土壤田间持水量及玉米产量的测定和分析，研究深松、常规旋耕、免耕不同耕作方式对土壤物理性状及玉米产量的影响。结果表明，不同耕作方式对土壤容重和土壤坚实度的影响效果为深松〉常规旋耕〉免耕。深松耕作能够打破犁底层，降低深层土壤紧实度。深松耕作后，0～35cm耕层土壤容重较常规旋耕和免耕分别下降6．5％和8．8％，土壤紧实度分别下降25．6％和32．3％。深松可显著增强接纳灌溉和降水能力，扩大土壤水库容。在21～40、41～60、61～80cm土层，深松处理土壤含水量比常规旋耕分别提高3．4％、4．5％、2．4％，比免耕分别提高5．6％、4．8％、2．4％。土壤耕层0～35cm田间持水量，深松和免耕比常规施耕分别提高7．4％和8．1％。不同耕作方式生物产量和经济产量均以深松最高，常规旋耕次之，免耕最小；深松耕作较常规旋耕和免耕分别增产4．3％和5．7％，与免耕处理间差异显著。
By the mensuration and analysis of soil permit heaviness, soil moisture, soil maximum moisture and maize yield, the effects of subsoiling, rotary tillage and no-tillage on soil physical characters and maize yield through field experiments in Jining country of Shandong province were researched. The results showed that subsoiling has stronger effects on soil bulk density, water content, soil maximum moisture and maize yield than conventional tillage and no-tillage. Subsoiling effectively disrupted the plough pan and decreased the soil bulk density. Compared with rotary tillage and no-tillage,the soil bulk density and the soil hardness （0-35 cm） under subsoiling decreased 6.5%, 8.8% and 25.6%, 32.3% respectively. Subsoiling could significantly increase the admission of irrigation and precipi- tation capacity, enlarge the storage capacity of soil water. After subsoiling, soil moisture increased respectively 3.4%, 4.5%, 2.4% and 5.6%, 4.8%, 2.4% than rotary tillage and no-tillage in 21-40, 41-60, 61-80cm soil depth. Soil maximum moisture was higher 7.4% and 8.1% than tillage and no-tillage in 0-35 cm soil depth. The tillage manage- ments have a great effect on biomass yield and economic yield, with order of subsoiling, conventional tillage, no-tillage. The maize yield was higher 4.3%, 5.7% than rotary tillage and no-tillage respectively, with significant dif- ference between no-tillage treatment.
出处
《玉米科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期108-113,共6页
Journal of Maize Sciences
基金
国家现代玉米产业技术体系建设专项资金(nycytx-02)
关键词
玉米
耕作方式
土壤物理性状
产量
Maize
Tillage management
Soil physical character
Yield
