摘要
土壤侵蚀产沙模型是开展水土保持研究的重要工具。土壤侵蚀物理模型除能够模拟和预测土壤侵蚀沉积的空间分布外,其可移植性功能较强,因此得到了很多研究者的青睐,但大多数物理模型运行时需要的参数较多,因而限制了模型应用和推广。本文介绍了比利时鲁汶大学研发的分布式土壤侵蚀模型WaTEM/SEDEM(Water and Tillage Erosion Model and Sediment Delivery Model)模型,分别从WaTEM/SEDEM模型的产生、结构、国内外应用进行了系统阐述,并在已有的应用研究基础上,总结了该模型的优缺点,展望其应用前景。
Currently, many different erosion and sediment transport models are available. They are important tools to predict soil erosion and sediment yield under different conditions. The most commonly used models in- clude Universal Soil Loss Equation （USLE）, Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation （RUSLE）, Water Erosion Predict Project （WEPP）, Soil and Water Assessment Tool （SWAT）, and the Limburg Soil Erosion Model （LISEM）, et al. The physical distributed soil models can be well used in other regions once they were built in a given region. Therefore, physical soil erosion model hasreceived more attentionover the decades. However, the structures of the physical erosion models are usually complex and a lot of parameters are required to run them, which to some extent limits their applications. The Water and Tillage Erosion Model and Sediment Delivery Model （WaTEM/SEDEM） developed at the Physical and Regional Geography Research Group, KU Leuven Uni- versity, Belgium, is a spatially distributed soil erosion and sediment delivery model. Unlike other more sophisti- cated dynamic models, this model requires minimal basis data input and the model structure is simple, similar to RUSLE model. Although WaTEM/SEDEM has data requirement almost similar to RUSLE model, it can assess both water and tillage erosion simultaneously. Mostly importantly, WaTEM/SEDEM can spatially model soil ero- sion and sediment deposition rates as well as the soil redistribution patterns. This model also allows incorpora- tion of landscape structure or the spatial organization of different land units and the connectivity, and can then be used to delineate sediment source areas in an agricultural landscape, and to simulate the impact of various sce- narios of an integrated catchment management on the rates and patterns of soil loss and sediment delivery. There- fore, WaTEM/SEDEM can provide useful information for land managers to implement rational management to control soil loss. Up to date, the model has been successfully used in Eur
出处
《地理科学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期85-91,共7页
Progress in Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41271305
41101261)
中国科学院黑土区农业生态重点实验室基金项目(2011ZKHT-15)
