摘要
目的 研究季节对诊断婴幼儿食物过敏的影响.方法 分析2009年重庆医科大学附属儿童医院儿童保健科健康体检婴幼儿随机进行食物过敏调查的资料,冬季603例和夏季607例,包括病史问卷、皮肤点刺试验（SPT）、食物排除试验以及口服食物激发试验（OFC）结果.采用统计软件SPSS 17.0对数据进行录入分析.结果 冬、夏季二次食物过s敏调查的婴幼儿年龄、性别及失访情况差异无统计学意义.冬季调查603例婴幼儿中SPT（＋）90例、OFC（＋）40例、失访31例；夏季调查607例婴幼儿中SPT（＋）65例、OFC（＋）25例、失访31例.冬、夏季二次婴幼儿食物过敏调查SPT结果对诊断食物过敏的敏感度（85％vs.84％）、阳性预测值（PPV）（54％vs.47％）和阴性预测值（NPV）（99％vs.99％）差异无统计学意义；冬季调查组SPT结果阳性婴幼儿（14.9％,90/603）显著高于夏季调查组（10.7％,65/607）（P=0.028）.冬季婴幼儿食物过敏确诊率（7.0％,40/572）高于夏季食物过敏确诊率（4.3％,25/575）,但差异无统计学意义；矫正后冬季婴幼儿食物过敏检出率则高于夏季组（9.3％vs.5.9％）（P=0.028）.圆形分布结果显示冬、夏季二次婴幼儿食物过敏调查SPT和OFC阳性率高峰点估计值对应出生日期均不一致,SPT和OFC结果与婴幼儿出生季节无关.结论 婴幼儿SPT结果与季节有关,食物过敏发生可能与季节有关.SPT和OFC结果与婴幼儿出生季节无关,与调查时儿童的实际年龄有关.
Objective To investigate the seasonal influence on the diagnosis of food allergy in children under 3 years of age. Method The data of epidemiological studies about food allergy of children under 3 years of age attending routine well-baby checks at the Department of Primary Child Care, Children＇s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in the winter and summer, 2009, including questionnaires, results of skin prick test （SPT） ,food elimination and oral food challenge （OFC） were analyzed. All the data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0. Result The age and sex distribution, and both the rates of the drop-out in two studies were similar. Ninety infants were positive for SPT, 40 infants were positive for OFC, and 31 infants dropped out in winter; while 65 infants were positive for SPT, 25 positive for OFC, and 31 dropped out in summer. The percentage of positive SPT in the children performed in winter was higher than that in summer （ 14. 9% , 90/603 vs 10. 7% , 65/607） （P =0. 028）. Skin prick test accuracy was similar when the studies were performed in winter and in summer [ sensitivity 0. 85 and 0. 84, positive predictive value （PPV） 0. 54 and 0. 47, negative predictive value （NPV） 0. 99 and 0. 991. The prevalence of food allergy in the children studied in winter was higher than that in summer （7.0% vs 4.3% ）, but the difference was not significant. After correcting the prevalence for dropout children, the prevalence of food allergy （FA） investigated in winter was significantly higher than that in summer （9.3% vs 5.9% ）. The results of circular distribution analysis showed the date of birth corresponding to estimated value of peak point of SPT in winter were not consistent with it in summer, so was OFC. Either the results of skin prick test or oral food challenge in two studies were not correlated with the seasons of birth. Conclusion Our data showed that the rates of positive SPT and the prevalence of food allergy were correlated with the seasons, but the seasons of birth did not influe
出处
《中华儿科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第12期892-897,共6页
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
