摘要
随着加工原油质量变重变劣,且环保要求日趋严格,以及市场对优质汽、柴油需求量的增加,炼油厂需要进一步提高加氢工艺装置的加工能力和深度。催化重整装置的副产氢气可为炼油厂加氢精制、加氢改质、加氢裂化等加氢装置提供氢源。催化重整氢气收率与工艺过程类型、原料组成、催化剂类型和操作参数等有关。催化重整工艺过程类型选用连续再生式重整,氢气收率和氢气纯度均比半再生重整高。选用环烷烃含量高的催化重整原料,有利于提高重整氢的收率,这是由于产生氢气的环烷脱氢反应发生的越多,氢气收率越高。催化重整催化剂选用高选择性、低积炭的催化剂,有利于提高重整氢收率,并可提高催化剂的选择性和寿命。改善重整过程的操作参数(如适当提高反应温度和降低反应压力等),可以提高重整氢收率,但是不推荐采用提高空速和降低氢油比的方法来提高氢气收率。此外,实践证实,从重整原料中脱除大部分C6烃(包括环烷烃、苯和己烷),有利于增加催化重整氢气净收率,同时可以提高汽油收率,增大汽油辛烷值,并降低炼油厂苯的生成。
As heavier and lower quality of crude oil is used for processing,environmental requirements become stricter, and more premium gasoline and diesel fuel products are needed in the market ,refineries need to con tinue to improve the processing capacity and depth of their hydrotreating units.Byproduct hydrogen from catalytic reformers can be supplied to refineries＇ hydrofining,hydroupgrading and hydrocracking units.The yield of tion, the for the hydrogen from catalytic reformers is correlated to the type of technological process ,feedstock type of catalyst used,and operating parameters.When a continuous regenerative reformer is catalytic reforming process,both the yield and purity of hydrogen are higher than those of composi adopted hydrogen from a semiregenerative reformer.The use of catalytic reforming feedstock with high content of naphthenic hydrocarbon can increase the yield of hydrogen.This is because the more naphthenic dehydrogenation reactions that produce hydrogen there are,the higher the yield of hydrogen is.Using a catalyst with high selectivity and low carbon deposition as catalytic reforming catalyst can increase the yield of hydrogen from reformers and improve the selectivity and life of catalyst.Optimizing the operating parameters for the reforming process （e.g. increasing reaction temperature and reducing reaction pressure properly） can raise the yield of hydrogen from reformers.However,the method of increasing air speed and reducing hydrogenoil ratio is not recommended for increasing the yield of hydrogen.In addition,practice has proved that removing most of the C6 hydrocarbons （including naphthenic hydrocarbon ,benzene and hexane） in reformer feedstock can increase the net yield of hydrogen from catalytic reformers while raising the yield of gasoline ,the octane number of gasoline,and re ducing the production of benzene at a refinery.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2013年第12期66-70,共5页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
催化重整
氢气
收率
提高
脱除
c
catalytic reforming
hydrogen
yield
improvement
C6 removal
