摘要
【目的】揭示CO2浓度升高对稻纵卷叶螟个体生物学的影响,从而为预测气候变化下稻纵卷叶螟的发生趋势提供依据。【方法】利用CO2人工智能气候箱设置当前(390μL·L-1)和升高CO2浓度(780μL·L-1)处理,种植水稻苗饲养观察稻纵卷叶螟生长发育、繁殖和子代卵孵化,并测定4龄幼虫的取食和营养利用指数。【结果】CO2浓度加倍显著影响稻纵卷叶螟幼虫生长到5龄时的体重、蛹历期和蛹重,但对幼虫历期和化蛹率没有显著影响;加倍CO2浓度处理下的5龄幼虫体重比当前CO2浓度处理的轻16.1%、蛹历期缩短28.7%、蛹重降低9.9%。CO2浓度加倍对性比和生殖力没有显著影响,但对幼虫至成虫羽化的存活率和卵孵化率有显著影响,与当前CO2浓度处理相比,加倍CO2浓度处理下幼虫至成虫羽化的存活率降低约44.0%,卵孵化率降低26.8%。对4龄幼虫的测定结果表明,CO2浓度加倍对取食和食物利用效率具有显著影响,与当前CO2浓度处理相比,加倍CO2浓度处理下4龄幼虫取食量显著增大,但相对取食率没有变化,相对生长率显著提高21.2%,近似消化率提高15.7%,但摄食食物转化率降低24.8%、消化食物转化率降低37.1%。【结论】CO2浓度升高可能对稻纵卷叶螟重要的生活史特性造成不良影响,推测未来大气CO2浓度升高可能不利于稻纵卷叶螟的发生,但是种群动态变化需要考虑温度等其它环境条件的综合影响。
[ Objective] This study was designed to reveal the potential influence of CO2 enrichment on life history of the rice leaf-folder （Cnaphalocrocis medinalis）, with the goal of providing data for projecting its trend under the climate change. [Method] Two levels of CO2 concentration-ambient （390 μL-Ll） and doubling （780 μL-L1） were manipulated in incubators, where rice plants were grown for feeding larvae. Developmental and reproductive performances were examined, and food consumption and nutritional utilization indices were measured for the 4th instar larva. [Result] The doubling CO2 treatment significantly influenced body weight of larvae till 5th instar, pupal time and body weight, but did not influence larval time and pupation rate. The body weight of the final instar （5th） larva decreased by 16.1%, pupal duration by 28.7%, and pupal weight by 9.9%, under the elevated CO2 as opposed to the ambient CO2. The CO2 elevation did not affect sex ratio and fecundity, but significantly influenced the larva-to-adult emergence survival and egg hatching. The larva-to-adult emergence survival ratedecreased by 44.0% and the egg hatching rate reduced by 26.8% under the elevated CO2 as compared to the ambient CO2. The trial of the 4th instar larva showed significant effects of elevated CO2 on food consumption and utilization. The food consumption increased but the relative consumption rate was not changed by the elevated CO2. The relative growth rate increased by 21.2% and the approximate digestibility increased by 15.7%, but the efficiency of conversion of ingested food to body substance decreased by 24.8% and the efficiency of conversion of digested food to body substance decreased by 37.1%. [ Conclusion ] The CO2 enrichment may have negative effects on life history traits of C. medinalis, but the population dynamics of insect is complex and other effect such as temperature should be considered.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第21期4464-4470,共7页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903003
201103002)
国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC19B01)
关键词
CO2浓度升高
稻纵卷叶螟
生长发育
繁殖
食物利用率
elevated CO2 concentration
Cnaphalocrocis medinalis
growth and development
reproduction
food utilization
