摘要
以酸枣、大白铃和大瓜枣为试验材料,观测枣花的形态学特征,比较花蜜量、花粉生活力的差异,并分析花药开裂的动态变化及其与温湿度的关系。结果表明,酸枣的花冠直径显著小于普通枣品种大白铃和大瓜枣;枣花在早上到中午期间分泌花蜜量较多,下午较少;酸枣和大白铃的花粉量显著高于大瓜枣;枣花粉生活力均较低,为8%左右;在温度较高的中午,花药开裂达到高峰,温度越高花药开裂比率越高,湿度越高花药开裂比率越低,适宜枣花药开裂的温度条件为30℃左右,相对温度低于30%。
Using wild jujube,Dabailing jujube and Dagua jujube as material,morphology of jujube flowers was observed.The nectar quantity and pollen vitality of different jujube were compared.The dynamic change of anther dehiscence and its relationship with temperature and relative humidity were analysed.The results were as follows：（1）Corolla diameter of wild jujube was significantly smaller than cultivars Dabailing and Dagua jujubes.（2）The nectar quantity was sufficient from morning to noon and lack in the afternoon.The pollen quantity of wild jujube and Dabailing jujube were significantly higher than that of Dagua jujube.The pollen vitality of jujube was about 8％ relatively low.（3）The anther dehiscence reached peak in hot noon hours; the higher the temperature,the higher the ratio of anther dehiscence; and the higher the humidity,the lower the ratio of anther dehiscence.The suitable temperature and relative humidity for anther dehiscence of jujube was about 30 ℃ and RH ＜ 30％.
出处
《山西农业科学》
2013年第11期1190-1193,共4页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201004041)
山西省科技攻关项目(20110311012-4)
关键词
枣
形态特征
花药开裂
温度
相对湿度
jujube（Zizyphus jujuba Mill.）
morphology
anther dehiscence
temperature
relative humidity
