摘要
中国奶牛养殖正由数量增长向质量增长方式转变,目前我国奶牛养殖仍以奶牛饲养小区为主体(集中饲养地、集中挤奶、统一防疫、分户管理、分户结算),奶牛养殖小区农户养殖的奶牛总数占全国总存栏的70%以上,这对我国奶牛养殖业发展产生巨大影响,暴露出很多问题,必须向现代养殖模式转型,转型的主要方向是适度规模的家庭式奶牛场或股份合作制奶牛场,与其他大中型奶牛场一起成为我国现代奶牛场养殖组织模式,用5年时间使我国成乳牛胎泌乳量达到7 000kg/头,实现奶牛养殖业发展以质量型发展为主,通过奶牛养殖模式转型促进我国奶牛养殖业可持续健康发展。
China＇s dairy cow breeding model is transforming from increasing number to improving the quality.At present the breeding communities consist of the major forms of China＇s dairy cow breeding model which includes centralized breeding location,centralized milking,unified epidemic prevention,individual management and individual settlement.The number of dairy cows raised by farmers in breeding communities occupies more than 70% of the total stock on hand,which has exerted great influence on the development of China＇s breeding industry.Many problems also were exposed; therefore the breeding model must be transformed to a modern one.The major direction of transformation is to establish moderate sized family dairy cow farms or dairy cow farms of stock cooperation system,along with other large and medium sized dairy cow farms to realize the modern dairy cow breeding model,and to improve the lactating amount to 7000kg/head in five years so as to realize the goal of qualitative development of dairy cow industry,and to enhance the sustainable development of China＇s dairy cow industry through the model transformation.
出处
《家畜生态学报》
北大核心
2013年第8期28-35,共8页
Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology
基金
陕西省西安市农业科技发展计划项目资助
关键词
奶牛场
饲养模式
饲养小区
家庭奶牛场
dairy cow farm
breeding model
breeding community
family dairy farm
