摘要
在实验室利用4个土槽分别施入复合化肥(CF)、普通有机肥(OF)、生物有机肥(BF)和不施肥(CK)来改变土壤中磷的基础含量,另取4个土槽在相应处理中配施相同的生物腐植酸,以15°角放入自制的降雨淋溶装置下进行试验,观测径流液中的全磷含量,以分析研究生物腐植酸对土壤和不同施肥条件下磷的转化效果。结果显示,施用复混肥、普通有机肥和生物有机肥降雨3h后,径流液中磷(P)流出量分别为不施肥处理(CK)的2.90、1.32和9.73倍,而相同处理配施生物腐植酸后,复混肥、普通有机肥、生物有机肥处理的径流液中P含量有增有减,分别为CK的7.09、2.32和5.00倍。表明在施用复混肥、普通有机肥的土样中加入生物腐植酸能够有效释放肥料中的磷素,使之转化为更利于植物吸收的可溶性磷,其转化率分别为0.76%和0.37%;而在施用生物有机肥的土样加入生物腐植酸反而抑制磷的转化,其转化率为-0.85%。不仅如此,加施生物腐植酸还能改变磷的转化进程,使CK和OF处理的磷含量峰值由出现在第3小时变为出现在第2小时,使CF处理的磷含量峰值由出现在第2小时变为出现在第1小时,加速了磷释放。由此可得,生物腐植酸能有效释放肥料中的磷素、使之转化为更利于植物吸收的可溶性磷并加速其转化进程。研究结果可作为推广生物腐植酸的依据和有关作物磷吸收研究的基础。
Taking 4 kinds of fertilizer,including compound fertilizer （CF）,ordinary organic fertilizer （OF）,bio-organic fertilizer（BF） and no fertilizer （CK）,in four different boxes respectively,mixing or not mixing（CK） the bio-active humic acid into them,the total phosphorus in base material and runoff drenched by artificial rainfall with a slope of 15° was investigated.Total phosphorus in runoff with compound fertilizer,organic fertilizer and bio-organicfertilizer was about 2.90,1.32 and 9.73 times of that with the non-fertilization treatment （CK） respectively.Total phosphorus in runoff rose by 7.09,2.32 and 5.00 times in combined application of bio-active humic acid compared with those without bio-active humic acid.The results showed that in combination of bio-active humic acid,phosphorus in the compound fertilizers and ordinary organic fertilizer could be released effectively and converted into dissolved phosphorus which was absorbed easily by plants,with conversion rates of 0.76% and 0.37% respectively.However,it was observed that bio-active humic acid would inhibit the release of phosphorus in the case of bio-organicfertilizer with a conversion rates of-0.85 % . In addition,it could accelerate the transformation process of phosphorus by adding bio-active humic acid.Peak concentrations of P for CK and OF treatments shifted from the third hour to the second hour after adding bio-active humic acid,and that for CF shifted from the second hour to the first hour.The results indicated that bio-active humic acid could release phosphorus of fertilizers effectively and accelerate the transformation process,make it into dissolved phosphorus,which was more conducive to plants.The results could be used for popularizing the utilization of biological humic acid and provided a basis for deep study in phosphorus absorption of crop subsequently.
出处
《中国农业气象》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期551-556,共6页
Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology
基金
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项湖泊主题巢湖项目"南淝河流域农村有机废弃物及农田养分流失污染控制技术研究与示范课题"(2013ZX07103-06)
关键词
土壤磷素
肥料磷素
径流
生物腐植酸
Soil phosphorus
Fertilizer phosphorus
Runoff
Bio-active humic acid
