摘要
为了探讨针阔混交林改种桉树人工林对林内小气候的影响,以便为桉树造林的生态效应分析提供依据,对桉树人工林(2008年种植,08EU)和针阔混交林(MF)林内空气温湿度和表土温度进行了连续1a的观测。结果表明:(1)两种林分林内空气日均温湿度以及日最大相对湿度差异不显著;(2)08EU表土温度和日最高气温的年均值比MF分别高1.5℃和1.4℃,日最低气温比MF低0.8℃,日气温极差比后者高2.2℃,日气温变异系数比混交林高40%;桉树林日最低相对湿度比混交林低6.7%,日湿度极差和变异系数的年均值比后者分别高16.4%和22.0%;(3)空气温湿度日极差与温湿度平均值呈显著正相关,与极小值呈显著负相关,与极大值相关不显著,秋冬季两种林分林内小气候差异最大;(4)桉树纯林对林内气象环境的缓冲保护作用弱于针阔混交林,其林内空气日最低温度和最小湿度的平均出现时间比混交林分别提前51min和45min。桉树人工林小气候的变化将会加快土壤水分散失和有机质分解速率。
For better understanding the impact of forest vegetation shift on the beneath microclimate and its ecological effects, 3-4-year old eucalyptus plantation （planted in 2008, 08EU） and coniferous ＆ broadleaf mixed forest （MF） were selected. Microclimatic conditions including air temperature, soil temperature and air relative humidity inside the two stands were monitored for 1 year. The results showed that： （1） no differ- ence in mean daily air temperature, mean daily relative humidity or daily max relative humidity was observed between the two stands; （2） annual average of surface soil temperature, daily max air temperature, daily air temperature range and coefficient of air temperature variation in eucalyptus were 1.5℃, 1.4℃, 2.2℃ and 40% higher than that inside mixed forest, respectively, but daily minimum air temperature was 0.8℃ lower than that in MF. There was 6.7%decrease of annual minimum air relative humidity in 08EU comparing with that in MF, but 16.4% of daily air relative humidity range and 22.0% coefficient of air humidity variation in 08EU higher than that in MF, respectively;（3） the range of daily air temperature and relative humidity were significantly positively or negatively related to the mean or minimum daily value, respectively, but no signifi- cant relation with max value, the largest different of mieroclimate condition between 08EU with MF was ob- served in autumn and winter seasons; （4） minimum air temperature and minimum humidity appearance times in eucalyptus plantation were 51 and 45 minutes earlier than that in mixed forest, respectively. The changes of microclimate conditions beneath eucalyptus plantation would increase the rates of soil water evaporation and organic matter decomposition.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期129-134,共6页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40861025
31360134)
广西科技攻关项目(桂科攻1140002-3-4)
广西大学国家林业局中南速生材繁育重点实验室开放基金项目(KF2009-02)
关键词
森林小气候
空气温湿度
植被变化
人工林
forest microclimate
air temperature and relative humidity
vegetation shift
plantation
