摘要
小麦是黄土高原陕西区坡耕地上的主要农作物,为了研究小麦根系整个生长期内在坡耕地上随土层和坡度的分布规律,以陕西杨凌农耕地种植的小麦根系为研究对象,在小麦5个生长期,采用挖土块法调查研究了5个坡度的坡耕地上0—20cm层内冬小麦根系的分布特征。结果表明:(1)小麦根系各生长期的根重密度、根长密度、根径与坡耕地土层深度和坡度变化都有一定的关系。(2)小麦的根重密度在0—5cm层最大,随土层深度减小。根重密度随生长期逐渐增大,成熟期达到最大值。当坡度为10°时,生物量最大。(3)根长密度在0—5cm的最大,随土层深度增加而减小;拔节期达到最大值,随后逐渐减小。根长密度随坡度增加而增加,当坡度为15°时达到最大值。(4)小麦平均根径随土层深度增加而逐渐减少,拔节期达到最大值,随生长期逐渐减小。当坡度为10°时,根系平均直径达到最大值。(5)SPSS处理结果显示根重密度、根长密度、根径与土层深度有线性相关的关系。各根系指标与坡度和生长期也有线性回归关系。
Winter wheat is the most important cover on slope farmland. In order to understand the root distri- bution of winter wheat at whole stages on slope cropland, the winter wheat root system was investigated on slope farmland. The root weight density, root length density, and diameter of root were measured on differ- ent slope farmland and different level of soil on slope farmland. The objective of the study is to confirm the distribution of winter wheat root system on slope land. The results showed that the root weight density, length density and diameter of root have main relationship with the soil depths and the slope on farmland. The the maximum value of root weight density was observed on 0 5 cm, and root weight density decreased as the soil layers getting deep. The weight system density also increased as the growth stages and would be up to the maximum value at maturity. The weight density also was the maximum on the slope of 10~. The root length density was the maximum value at 0--5 cm, decreased as the layer getting deep. The length den- sity increased with the slope getting larger. The maximum value was on the slope of 15~. The average root diameter decreased as the soil layers. The maximum value was on the jointing stage, and declined with the growth stages. The maximum value was on the slope of 10~. The conclusion showed that soil layers had posi- tive linear correlation with the root weight density, length density and diameter. And the slope and growing stage had the linear correlation with the root weight density, length density and diameter.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期92-98,共7页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家"973"重点研究项目(2007CB407201-5)
教育部高等学校特色专业建设项目(TS2A06)
关键词
根系分布
冬小麦
土壤侵蚀
坡耕地
root distribution
winter wheat
soil erosion
slope farmland
