摘要
目的探讨解放军第44医院住院患者泌尿系感染病原菌的分布及耐药性,为临床合理应用抗菌药物提供参考。方法通过法国生物梅里埃VITEK 2 compact及ATB-Expression细菌鉴定分析仪对2012年该院收治的698例住院患者送检中段尿标本进行细菌鉴定,并用K-B法对分离病原菌进行体外药敏试验。结果 698例患者中有512例培养阳性,其中女性患者阳性率为81.5%,男性患者阳性率为19.0%,二者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。512例阳性患者中段尿标本中共分离出病原菌536株,其中革兰阴性杆菌占68.8%,革兰阳性球菌占22.8%,真菌占8.4%。分离病原菌对常用抗菌药物呈现多重耐药性,革兰阴性杆菌对氨苄西林、哌拉西林、头孢噻吩、复方新诺明的耐药率高于60.0%,对亚胺培南、阿米卡星敏感。革兰阳性球菌对克林霉素、红霉素、青霉素的耐药率高于70.0%,对万古霉素、替考拉宁高度敏感。结论泌尿系感染病原菌对常用抗菌药物耐药严重,及时了解泌尿系感染病原菌的分布特点及耐药性,对临床合理选用抗菌药物具有重要意义。
Objective To explore the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing urinary tract infection in order to pro- vide evidences for clinical diagnosis and rational use of antibiotics. Methods The pathogens were isolated and cultured from the medis- tream urine specimens from 698 patients in our hospital in 2012, and identified with Biomerrieux VITEKo2 automatic microorganism sys- tem and Bio-Merieus ATB-Expression. Drug resistance was analyzed by using K-B method. Results There were 512 cases of positive re- suits out of 698 cases, among which the positive rate in female （81.5%） was much higher than that in male （19.0%） with statistically significant difference （p 〈 0.05）. 536 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 512 specimens of medistream urine cultures, in- cluding Gram negative bacteria （68.8%） , Gram positive bacteria （22.8%） and fungi （8.4%）. Those pathogens presented multi-resist- ance to commonly used antibiotics. The Gram-negative bacilli had a high rate of resistance to Ampicillin, Piperacillin, Cephalothin and Cotrimoxazole （over 60% ） and were sensitive to Imipenem and Amikacin. The Gram-positive cocci were highly resistant to clindamycin, erythromycin and penicillin （ over 70% ） while sensitive to Vancomycin and Teicoplain. Conclusion Pathogens causing urinary tract in- fection are highly resistant to common antibiotics. It＇s very important to use antibiotics more reasonably and control drug resistant stains
出处
《中国微生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2013年第9期1085-1088,共4页
Chinese Journal of Microecology
关键词
泌尿系感染
病原菌
耐药性
Urinary tract infection
Pathogenic bacteria
Drug resistance
