摘要
目的分析总结2001—2011年青海省人间鼠疫疫情，为鼠疫防治措施提供科学依据。方法收集2001—2011年青海省人间鼠疫流行病学现场调查资料及人间鼠疫疫情中各个病例的病历资料，运用流行病学方法进行分析。人感染鼠疫病例按照《鼠疫诊断标准》（WS279—2008）进行判定。结果2001—2011年，青海省共发生人间鼠疫14起，发病38人，死亡17人，病死率为44．74％。病例发病地点分布于9个县12个乡；发病时间在5—10月，其中以9月和10月最多，为22例，占57．89％（22／38）；病例中有藏族牧民和汉族农民，占76-32％（29／38）和23．68％（9／38）；发病年龄在5～67岁，以20～45岁年龄段为主，占68．42％（26／38）；临床病型以重症鼠疫（肺鼠疫和败血型鼠疫）为主，首发病例的发病原因多由患者主动接触染疫动物引起。结论青海省鼠疫病例发生主要与人类主动接触鼠疫染疫动物有关，青海省人间鼠疫疫情有上升的趋势，鼠疫远距离传播的危险性明显加大。
Objective To analyze human plague from 2001 to 2011 in Qinghai Province and to provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control measures. Methods Using the descriptive epidemiological methods, epidemiological field survey data and medical records of each case of human plague were collected from 2001 to 2011 in Qinghai Province. Human plague was judged in accordance with the ＂Plague Diagnostic Criteria＂ （WS 279-2008）. Results From 2001 to 2011, human plague was reported 14 times, with incidence of 38 cases, 17 dead and death rate was 44.74% in Qinghai Province. Epidemic areas mainly distributed in the 12 townships of 9 counties. Prevalent season was from May to October, September and October accounted for 57.89%（22/38）. There were cases of Tibetan herders and Han farmers, accounting for 76.32% （29/38） and 23.68% （9/38）, respectively; onset age from 5 to 67 years, mainly around the age of 20 - 45 [ 68.42% （26/38）]. The most prevalent clinical types were pneumonic and septicemic plague and initial case was caused by actively contact with infected plague animals. Conclusions Qinghai human plague is mainly caused by approaching the plague infected animals, human plague in Qinghai Province is on the rise, the risk of long-distance transmission of the plague is significantly increased.
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期520-522,共3页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
关键词
鼠疫
流行病学
结果评价
Plague
Epidemiological
Outcome evalution
