摘要
合理施用氮素是保障烤烟正常生长发育及产量和品质形成的基础，但不同氮肥施用量会影响种植烟草土壤的理化性质和酶活性。本试验以种植云烟87后30—90d时期内的土壤为试验材料，研究了低氮处理（118．5ks／hm2）和高氮处理（155．6kg／hmz）两种施氮水平下。土壤的理化特性（pH及养分含量）及酶活性的动态变化规律。结果表明：2种施氮处理植烟土壤在同一施氮水平条件下，随着烟苗移栽天数增多，土壤pH、蔗糖酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性呈现先增后降的变化趋势，速效氮、速效钾含量呈现先增后减再增的变化趋势，速效磷含量呈现先减后增的交化趋势，有机质含量、蛋白酶活性变化趋势复杂。2种施氮处理植烟土壤在同一时问条件下，随着施氮量的增加，土壤的pH、有机质含量、速效氮含量、速效磷含量、速效钾含量及蔗糖酶活性随施氮量增加呈上升趋势，土壤过氧化氢酶活性随施氮量增加而呈下降趋势，土壤蛋白酶活性变化趋势复杂，土壤的pH、养分及酶活性在各处理问差异均达到显著水平，2种施氮处理植烟土壤还出现了酸化现象。因此，在土壤酶·土壤养分相互作用的体系中，土壤pH及养分含量和酶活性随着烟苗移栽天数或施氮量增加表现出不同的动态变化规律，掌握这些规律可为提高烤烟施肥经济效益及其高产优质高效栽培和植烟土壤改良提供科技参考。
Reasonable nitrogen application is the basis of protection flue-cured tobacco growth development and yield or quality formation, but different nitrogen fertilizer rate can affect the physical-chemical properties and enzyme activity of planting tobacco soil. The tobacco soil after Yunyan-87 was planted for 30 -90 d was used as experimental material in this paper, and the experiment were carried out to study the dy- namic changes rule of the soil physical-chemical properties （pH and nutrient content） and the enzyme activity, which two different levels of nitrogen in both low nitrogen treatment （118.5 kg,/hm2 ） and high nitrogen treatment （155.6kg/hm2） could be used in this experiment. The results showed that the two kind nitrogen treatment of tobacco soil at the same nitrogen level, content of soil pH or activities of invertase and catalase began to increase and then decrease with increasing of tobacco transplanted days. Content of soil available nitrogen and available potassium began to increase and then decrease and increased in the end. Content of available phosphorus bog, an to decrease and then increase while content of soil organic matter and protease have complicated trends. The two kind nitrogen ueatment of tobacco soil at the same time level, with increasing of nitrogen application, content of soil pH, organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassi- um and activity of invertase all increased, activity of catalase decreased while activity of protease have complicated trends. Soil pH, organic matter and enzyme activities in the differences groups reached significant level. At the same time, the two kind nitrogen treatment of tobacco soil also appeared phenomenon of acidification. It indicated that in soil nutrient-soil enzyme interaction systems,soil pH, nutrient content and e activity as tobacco transplanted time and nitrogen application increased showed different dynamic change rule,rule can raise economical benefit of flue-cured tobacco fertilizer and efficient of
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期1561-1566,共6页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
中国烟草总公司重庆市公司渝烟局科[2011]135号(NY20110601070004)
国家烟草专卖局科技重大专项(Ts-02-20110015)
关键词
施氮量
云烟87
植烟土壤
理化性质
酶活性
Nitrogen application
Yunyan87
Tobacco Soil
Physic- chemical properties
Enzyme activity
