摘要
随着全球变化日益加剧,生物界正在遭受着前所未有的环境压力。这都会直接或间接影响农林牧业生产和发展,尤其是全球变化导致的干旱、水涝、高温、低温、病虫草害、环境退化与污染等生态灾难频繁发生,已严重威胁到人类文明的可持续发展。为此,人们正积极探索保护生境、维持生态平衡、提高环境安全性的新途径。业已表明,作为环境功能生物,丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)分布极为广泛,通过与绝大多数植物根系形成互惠共生体,促进植物养分和水分的吸收与利用、抑制病原物和害虫、提高植物抗逆性、分解有毒物质、修复污染土壤、改善食品和环境安全性。本文于全面系统介绍了AM真菌在植物保护与食品安全中作用的基础上,进一步强调了AM真菌同时具备的生物农药、生物肥料和生物土壤改良剂的三重作用;讨论了进一步增强AM真菌生理生态功能的途径,旨在为促进该领域研究以及AM真菌的应用提供依据和可借鉴的思路。
As global changes＇ intensifying, ecosystems are suffering unprecedented environmental pres- sure. The global changes directly or indirectly impact agricultural and animal husbandry production and development, especially severe droughts, flooding, heat, cold, pests, environmental degradation and pol- lution and other ecological disasters caused by global changes occur frequently, which produces serious threats to the sustainable development of human civilization. Therefore, new ways to protect habitats, maintain ecological balance, improve environmental safety are being probed. It has been shown that arbus- cular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi, as one of environment functioning organisms, distribute widely, and form mutual symbionts with roots of most plants. It can enhance plants to absorb and utilize nutrients and wa- ter, antagonize pests, improve plant stress resistance, decompose toxic organic compounds, remediate contaminated soil, increase food and environmental safety. In this paper, the functions of AM fungi in plant protection and food safety were introduced. While their triple roles of bio--pesticides, bio--fertiliz- ers and biological soil amendments were also emphasized. The author discussed further approach to en- hance the physiological and ecological functions of AM fungi in order to promote researches in this field, as well as to provide the basis and good ideas to apply AM fungi in agricultural production.
出处
《青岛农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
2013年第2期84-90,共7页
Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University(Natural Science)
基金
山东省科技发展计划项目(2012GNC11010)
青岛市科技计划基础研究项目(12-1-4-5-(14)-jch)
"泰山学者"建设工程专项经费
第六届大学生创新教育立项资助
关键词
丛枝菌根真菌
抗逆性
抗病性
生物修复
植物保护
食品安全
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
resistance to stress
disease resistance
bioremediation
plantprotection
food safety
