摘要
为探讨杂交稻机械化播栽技术的穗粒数形成特点,以F优498为材料,采用两因素裂区试验设计,研究了3种种植方式和2个穴苗数水平对杂交稻枝梗和颖花分化及退化的影响。结果表明,机械精量穴直播和机插的每穗总枝梗分化数及现存数均高于常规手插,每穗总颖花现存数显著低于常规手插。机械精量穴直播的一次枝梗、颖花分化数和现存数显著高于常规手插,机插的一次枝梗、颖花分化数和现存数则显著低于常规手插。机械精量穴直播和机插的二次枝梗分化数和退化数均显著高于常规手插,二次颖花分化数表现为机插>常规手插>机械精量穴直播,二次颖花现存数则是常规手插>机插>机械精量穴直播。不同种植方式之间,二次枝梗分化数和退化数差异主要集中在稻穗基部,不同一次枝梗部位的二次枝梗现存数呈现"先升后降"趋势,主要与稻穗基部二次枝梗严重退化有关。每穗一次颖花现存数从穗基部至顶部呈逐渐下降趋势,不同一次枝梗部位的二次颖花现存数差异则与该部位分化二次颖花的能力有关。高穴苗数处理每穗枝梗和颖花分化数及现存数均显著低于低穴苗数处理。考虑种植方式和穴苗数二者的交互效应,机插和常规手插适宜配合低穴苗数,机械精量穴直播则以高穴苗数为宜。
In order to explore the characteristics in spikelets formation of hybrid rice with mechanical sowing and transplanting,the effects of planting method and seedling number per hill on differentiation and retrogression of branches and spikelets were studied using F you 498 in the field experiments.The results showed that the number of differentiated and survived branches in mechanical direct seeding and mechanical transplanting was significantly higher than that in artificial transplanting,however,the survived spikelets in mechanical direct seeding and mechanical transplanting were significantly lower than those in artificial transplanting.The number of differentiated and survived primary branches and spikelets were higher in mechanical direct seeding than in artificial transplanting,while those in mechanical transplanting were the lowest.The numbers of differentiated and retrograded secondary branches in mechanical direct seeding and mechanical transplanting were significantly higher than those in artificial transplanting.However,the number of differentiated secondary spikelets was higher in mechanical transplanting than in artificial transplanting,and was the lowest in mechanical direct seeding.The number of differentiated and retrograded primary and secondary branches and spikelets were significantly lower in high seedling number per hill than in low seedling number per hill.The number differences of differentiated and retrograded secondary branches in all of the planting methods presented mainly on the basal panicle,the number of survived secondary branches showed an increased and then decreased tendency on different primary branches,which was mainly related to the serious secondary branches retrogression.The number of survived primary spikelets decreased from panicle bottom to top,the number of survived secondary spikelets was related to the ability of spikelets differentiation.Therefore,for the effect of interaction between planting methods and seedling number per hill,the low seedling number per hill showed t
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第8期1434-1444,共11页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2011BAD16B05)
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303129)资助
关键词
水稻
机直播
机插
穴苗数
枝梗
颖花
Rice
Mechanical direct seeding
Mechanical transplanting
Seedling number per hill
Branches
Spikelets
