摘要
运用评价化学品对水生生物毒性的标准试验方法,比较了39种非离子型、6种阴离子型和3种阳离子型的常用代表性表面活性剂对大型溞的急性毒性.结果表明:3种阳离子型表面活性剂1427、1227及C8-10的急性毒性均为剧毒,其中1427毒性最高,EC50值为0.97!10-2mg·L-1;非离子型表面活性剂中蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚、吐温和斯潘系列乳化剂均为低毒,而烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚系列和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚系列表面活性剂的毒性稍偏高,而AEO-7和AEO-5的毒性达到高毒水平,EC50值分别为0.82和0.97mg·L-1,且此类表面活性剂脂溶性越大,对大型溞的毒性越大;大部分阴离子表面活性剂的毒性为中毒,但NNO表现为高毒,EC50值为0.17mg·L-1.
By using the standard test methods in Experimental Guideline for Environmental Safety Evaluation of Chemical Pesticide to aquatic organisms, a comparative study was conducted on the acute toxicity of 39 nonionic, 6 anionic, and 3 cationic surfactants to Daphnia magna. The acute toxicity of three cationic surfactants 1427, 1227 and C8-10 to D. magna belonged to virulent level, and the toxicity of 1427 was the highest, with the EC50 value being 0.97×10-2 mg·L-1. The acute toxicity of nonionic surfactants polyoxyethylene ether castor oil EL, Tween, and Span emulsifiers belonged to low level, but the toxicity of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether surfactants was relatively high, of which, AEO-7 and AEO-5 displayed high toxicity, with the EC50 value being 0.82 and 0.97 mg·L-1, respectively. In these surfactants, the more liposolubility, the higher the toxicity was. Most of the anionic surfactants were medium in toxicity, but the acute toxicity of NNO belonged to high toxicity, with the EC50 value being 0.17 mg·L-1.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第8期2319-2324,共6页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903033)资助
关键词
非离子型
阴离子型
阳离子型
大型溞
急性毒性
nonionic type
anionic type
cationic type
Daphnia magna
acute toxicity.
