摘要
通过对自然科学领域1901-2011年550名诺奖获得者生平及获奖数据的详细统计、分析得到110年来自然科学领域诺奖获得者获奖年龄、最高学位获得年龄以及成果年龄的详细变化。深入分析成果获得时间的本质后,将"1901-2011年诺奖获奖者科研创造峰值年龄"转化为"诺奖获奖者在1871-2004年平均成果年龄"。研究发现,在过去的110年中,诺奖获奖者平均获奖年龄的变化趋势与平均成果年龄的变化趋势没有明显的因果关系;不同阶段内诺奖获奖者的平均成果年龄变化幅度因学科不同而略有差异。其中,化学奖和生理或医学奖呈稳步增长趋势,增长幅度分别为6.40岁和6.82岁;物理学奖先有一定下降后呈逐步上升趋势,总体上升2.95岁。自然科学领域诺奖科研创造峰值年龄现在处于44-47岁。
We did a survey of 550 nobel winners in Physics, Chemistry, Medicine between 1901 and 2011, and detailed analyzed the age of vinners, highest - degree age and the age when produce the prize - winning achievements. After study the nature of the Prize - winning achievements age ,we turned the most creativity ages for Nobel winners between 1901 and 2011 into average achievement ages for nobel winners between 1871 and 2004. The results showed that, in the past more than 110 years, there was no obvious causal rela- tion between the changing tendency of the vinners＇ age and the age of Prize - winning achievements. But it should be noted that the ex- tent of variation of prize - winning achievenments＇ age were varied little with subject disciplines. In other words , nobel winners＇ age of prize - winning achievements in chemistry and medicine presented stable increasing trend,6.40 years and 6.82 years on average re- spectively, yet in physics the average age increased slowly after slightly decreased ,but over trend was on the upswing for 2.95 years. The age of most creativity ages for noble prize in natural science is now between 44 -47.
出处
《科学学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第8期1152-1159,共8页
Studies in Science of Science
