摘要
目的了解山东省青岛农村地区中老年人听力损失患病率及相关因素。方法采用分层随机抽样方法抽取青岛农村地区2 137名≥50岁中老年人,采用听力计分别测量两耳0.5、1、2、4 kHz听阈,并查12 h空腹血糖、甘油三酯和总胆固醇。结果中老年人听力减退率为50.6%(青岛市标化率为48.4%),听力残疾率为12.7%(青岛市标化率为12.0%);单因素分析结果显示,年龄、性别、婚姻状况、文化程度及月收入状况与平均听阈相关(均P<0.05),年龄、性别、婚姻状况、文化程度、吸烟、饮酒、胆固醇及甘油三酯与高频听阈相关(均P<0.05);多因素回归分析显示,高龄(OR=1.140或OR=1.116)是听力损失的危险因素,女性(OR=0.681)、较高收入(OR=0.802)、非吸烟(OR=0.440)、非饮酒(OR=0.442)、非高胆固醇异常(OR=0.795)和非高甘油三酯异常(OR=0.699)是保护因素。结论年龄、性别、收入、吸烟、饮酒、血脂与中老年人听力损失相关。
Objective To explore the prevalence and influence factors of hearing impairment among a rural senior population in Qingdao,Shandong province. Methods Totally 2 137 residents aged 50 years and older（902 males and 1 235 females）were randomly selected from rural areas of Qingdao municipality and tested with binaural hearing at 0.5,1,2,and 4 kHz,respectively.Twelve-hour fasting blood glucose,triglyceride,and total cholesterol were also measured. Results Among the senior people,the prevalence of hearing impairment was 50.6% and the prevalence of hearing disability was 12.7%.Monovariant analyses showed that age,gender,marriage status,education,and monthly income were associated with the average hearing threshold（P〈0.05）,while age,gender,marriage status,education,current smoking,current alcohol drinking,cholesterol level,and triglyceride level were associated with high frequency hearing threshold（P〈0.05）.The multivariate regression analyses showed that older age（odds ratio [OR]=1.140 or OR=1.116） was a risk fator for hearing impairment,while female gender（OR=0.681）,higher income（OR=0.802） smoking（OR=0.440）,no alcohol drinking（OR=0.442）,normal level of cholesterol（OR=0.795）,and normal triglyceride（OR=0.699）in blood were protective factors for hearing impairment. Conclusion Age,gender,income,smoking,alcohol drinking,and blood lipid are related to hearing loss among rural elder residents.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第8期1147-1150,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
关键词
听力损失
影响因素
中老年人
hearing impairment
influence factor
senior people
