摘要
黑河中游在明、清及民国时期经历了人口规模膨胀和大规模农业垦殖发展过程,人类活动对地理环境产生了极其深刻的影响。由于历史记载数据有限,定量分析人类活动强度难度较大。本文选取耕地面积、人口数量、灌渠长度、粮食单产等参数为评价指标,基于历史文献记载及估算数据,采用变异系数法、熵值法、标准离差法、CRITIC法等4种客观权重法定量分析了黑河中游明代前期、明代后期、清代前期、清代后期及民国时期的人类活动强度,获得以下主要结论:5个研究时期人类活动强度绝对指数分别为0.46、0.47、1.13、1.55及1.39,表明明、清时期人类活动强度持续增加,民国时期略有减弱。各方法评估结果综合排序相同,表明研究结果具有较好一致性。
With the expansion of population number and the development of large-scale agricultural cultivation in the Ming Dynasty,Qing Dynasty and Republic of China in the middle reaches of the Heihe River,human activity had a profound impact on environment.Due to the limited historical records,it＇s difficult to analyze human activity intensity quantitatively.Cultivated land area,population number,channel length,grain yield and other indicators were selected as evaluation parameters.Based on the data which were collected and estimated from history documents,human activity intensity in the middle reaches of the Heihe River in the period of early and late Ming Dynasty,early and late Qing Dynasty and Republic of China were quantitatively analyzed by using 4 different objective weighting methods which include variation coefficient method,entropy method,standard deviation method and CRITIC method.Some conclusions were as follows： the absolute index of human activity intensity in five study periods was 0.46,0.47,1.13,1.55 and 1.39,respectively,indicating that human activity intensity in Ming and Qing Dynasty had increased continuously and slightly weakened in Republic of China.All the results obtained by four methods had the same sort order,suggesting that the results had good consistency.
出处
《中国沙漠》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期1225-1234,共10页
Journal of Desert Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(91025010)
国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAC19B09)资助
关键词
人类活动强度
黑河中游
历史时期
定量评价
客观权重法
human activity intensity
middle reaches of the Heihe River
historical period
quantitative evaluation
objective weighting method
