摘要
有关词类的实验研究,同类实验得出的结论看似不同甚至相反,或者对实验结果缺乏合理的解释,这可能是因为实验方法和实验任务的不同而造成的,但也可能是在解释实验结果时所依凭的词类理论有问题而造成的。文章介绍了与汉语词类研究有关的一组儿童感知实验和一组成人脑成像实验,说明对实验结果要做出合理的解释和正确的结论有待词类理论的更新。就名词和动词的区别而言,需要建立"名动分立"和"名动包含"两种词类模式。不仅语法理论可以用来对实验研究的结果做出相应的解释并得到相关实验研究的验证,实验研究也在呼唤语法理论的更新,从而反过来使实验研究得到改进和深化。
The results of the experimental studies on word classes are different from and even contrary to each other.It is either because of the employment of different experiment methods and tasks,or because of the theory of word classes by which we explain the experiment results.In this article,two groups of experiments relevant to Chinese word classes study are reviewed and examined,one being perceptual experiments on infants or children,and the other fMRI experiments on adults.It is proposed that theory of word classes needs to be updated in order to make a reasonable explanation and draw a correct conclusion on the experiment results.In terms of the noun and verb distinction,two types of distinctive patterns should be established,namely 'noun-verb dissociation pattern' and 'verb as a subcategory of noun pattern'.Not only can grammatical theory be used to explain experiment results and be tested by experimental studies,but also experimental studies call for updating the grammatical theory which will in reverse improve and deepen experimental studies.
出处
《当代语言学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第3期253-267,376,共15页
Contemporary Linguistics
基金
第51批中国博士后科学基金一等资助(资助编号:2012M510064)
中国社会科学院"创新工程"项目资助
关键词
词类
儿童感知实验
脑成像
语法理论
word classes,perceptual experiment on infants and children,fMRI,noun,verb
