摘要
河北省是全国13个粮食主产省之一,在国家粮食安全中占有重要地位。但河北省水资源严重短缺,人均水资源占有量仅为全国的1/7。目前的粮食增产方式是基于地下水的长期、大量超采,年均超采量达40亿方。从河北省水资源数量、变化和发展趋势、地下水超采状况,粮食作物种植格局、主要粮食作物的耗水特征、节水技术应用效果、水分生产效率、水资源对粮食的支撑能力等方面,分析河北省粮食生产与水资源的定性和定量关系,提出应提高水资源利用和生产效率,进一步发展咸水和污水安全利用技术的研究和应用,农牧结合、拓宽粮食概念,加大管理措施、提高水资源对粮食生产的支撑力,完善和建立节水补贴配套政策体系等对策建议。
Hebei Province, as one of the 17 major foodstuff producing provinces of China, plays an important role in sequiring domestic food salty, but it is also a province with serious water resource scarcity. The amount of water resources per capita is only 1/7 of the demestic mean. The present foodstuff producing model was based on long-term and large amount of ground water over-exploitation which has reached 40× 108 m3 each year. In this paper, from the perspectives of the quantity of provincial water resources, its changing and developing trend, the situation of groundwater over-exploitation, the foodstuff crops growing pattern, main crops water-consumption features, the effect of water-saving cultivation techniques, water using efficiency and the support capability of water resource for foodstuff producton, the qualitative and quantitative relation between foodstuff production and water resources in ttebei Province were analyzed. From viewpoint of production, countermeasures as strehthenging the research and extension of techniques about safe use of saline and waste water, comprehensively excerting biological, agronomic and engineering water-saving measures, adjusting crop growing patterns to aproach water-saving alternation were suggested; from the viewpoint of management, policies as promoting large-scale production, improving water-use quota management, raizing water-saving subsidy were also put forward.
出处
《农业经济与管理》
2013年第3期5-11,共7页
Agricultural Economics and Management
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD05B05)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303133)
关键词
河北省
粮食生产
水资源
对策
Hebei Province
foodstuff production
water resource
countermeasure
