摘要
针对电动车用伺服电机及其控制技术研究现状,提出一种低速直驱式稀土永磁无刷电机系统。该系统选用外转子永磁同步电动机(PMSM),转子磁路采用表面插入式结构。首先,分析外转子PMSM的结构特征,并对电机电磁方案进行研究;设计1台3 kW、6极的车用外转子PMSM,并完成样机制作及测试;其次,研究PMSM的无位置传感器矢量控制,并结合设计的电机参数,利用MATLAB/Simulink软件对伺服系统进行仿真分析。研究结果表明:外转子PMSM具有效率高、转矩密度大、适合低速运行等特点,可直接驱动电动车辆;采用"磁场有限元分析"结合"等效磁路计算"的方法,有利于提高电机设计分析的准确度;对该电机系统实施的无传感器矢量控制策略,取得了较好的效果;利用滑模观测器能够较准确地估算电机转速和跟踪转子位置,并对负载变化引起的扰动具有较强的鲁棒性。
Based on the research status of servo motor and its control technology for electric vehicles, a low-speed direct-drive rare-earth permanent magnet brushless motor system was proposed, which used an outer-rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor （PMSM） with a surface plug-in magnetic structure. Firstly, the main structural features were analyzed and electromagnetic design research was carried ont. A 3 kW 6-pole prototype was fabricated and tested when the outer-rotor PMSM for electric vehicles was designed. Then, the sensorless vector control of PMSM was studied, and simulation of the servo system was implemented by using MATLAB/Simulink software based on the designed parameters The results show that the outer-rotor PMSM has the advantages of high efficiency, high torque density and low speed, which makes it suitable for direct driving in electric vehicles. The design method that combines magnetic field finite element analysis with equivalent magnet circuit calculation can improve the accuracy of the motor design and analysis. The sensorless control strategy used for the PMSM was achieved good effects as the sliding mode observer can accurately estimate the motor speed and track the rotor position. The system has good robustness to the disruption caused by load variation.
出处
《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期1842-1848,共7页
Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology
基金
湖南省科技计划项目(2012FJ3042)
湖南大学"青年教师成长计划"项目(531107040650)
国际科技合作交流专项(2011DFA62240)
关键词
低速直驱
外转子
稀土永磁无刷电机
矢量控制
low-speed direct-drive
outer rotor
rare-earth permanent magnet brushless motor
vector control
