摘要
目的了解医院感染的实际情况,为制定控制措施提供依据。方法连续3年采取横断面调查、床旁调查和查阅病例相结合的方法,调查所有住院病人医院感染发生情况并进行统计分析。结果 3年实查率均超过95%,现患率在4.7%～5.2%之间;医院感染比较高的科室有ICU、神经外科,血液内科等,感染部位主要分布在下呼吸道、上呼吸道和泌尿道;医院感染病原菌主要为真菌、铜绿假单胞菌和大肠埃希菌。3年抗菌药物日使用率维持在54%～62%之间,治疗用药病原学送检率维持在19.7%～28.25%之间。3年医院感染危险因素及侵袭性操作主要为气管切开、动静脉插管、泌尿道插管等。结论对现患率调查结果进行分析,可以发现医院感染控制工作中存在的不足。下一步工作的重点应为规范抗菌药物使用,提高治疗性用药的病源微生物送检率,加强耐药菌病人的管理等。
Objective To investigate the actual situation of hospital infection to provide reference for countermeasures. Method The cross - sectional survey, bedside investigation and records screen method was performed in continuing three years to investigate all cases of hospital infection and to perform statistical analysis. Result The infection rates of the three years were higher than 95% , and the prevalence was between 4.7% and 5.2%. The departments with higher hospital infection rate were ICU, neurosurgery department, and blood department. The infected sites mainly located at lower respiratory tract, upper respira- tory tract and urinary tract. The hospital infection pathogens were mainly fungi, pseudomonas aeruginosa and escherichia coli. The antimicrohial usage in the three years was between 54% and 62% , and the etiology censorship for treatment medicine was be- tween 19.7 and 28.25%. The risk factors and invasive operation mainly included tracheotomy, dynamic venous cannula, and uri- nary tract. Conclusion Through the prevalence investigation, the insufficiency in control of hospital infection can be revealed. The application of antimicrobial agents should be regulated as next key work point; the therapeutic drugs of pathogenic microbes inspection rate should be improved, and the management of patients with drug - resistant bacteria should he strengthened.
出处
《中国卫生质量管理》
2013年第3期27-29,共3页
Chinese Health Quality Management
关键词
医院感染
横断面调查
现患率
Hospital Infection
Cross -Sectional Survey
Prevalence
