摘要
军事安全在国家安全中占据着核心地位,在中国崛起过程中,正在或将会遇到诸多制约军事安全的问题,建立科学、统一、高效的安全体制有助于维护国家安全。作者通过分析比较中美两国军事安全体制变革过程和内部作用机制的差异以及在军事安全决策体制、军事安全执行体制和军事安全监督反馈体制方面的差异,得出以下结论:美国是当今安全体制比较完善、作战效能最高的国家,美国的安全体制变革与其实力和对外战略的变化有关,更强调均衡性和实效性,体现在国家安全战略周详、咨询机构完善、情报系统发达、军队建设协调发展、作战指挥灵敏高效,监督反馈制度相对健全。中国的安全体制变革则与国内政治发展相关,领导体制的变化直接导致军事体制的变化,均衡性和实战性不强,体现在缺乏完整的国家安全战略报告、能够直接参与决策的智库机构数量较少、情报机构缺乏统一领导、陆军规模过大、海空军发展不足、联合作战指挥机构不健全、监督反馈机制不完善。未来中国可在上述方面的改革中借鉴美国的经验。
Military security occupies a central position in national security,and during its rise,China should establish a scientific,unified and efficient security system to deal with the on-going or potential military security threats and therefore safeguard national security.However,current studies on military security mainly focus on its system design and external security strategies while ignoring its internal working mechanism.By comparing the US-China military security mechanism from the perspective of evolution,the author argues that the US has adjusted its mechanism based on national strength and foreign strategy,focusing on equilibrium and practicability,while China’s mechanism has been largely decided by domestic political changes,especially the leadership structure.In addition,the US security system is more mature and close to actual combat due to its comprehensive and complete national security strategies,fully-developed consulting agencies,advanced information system,well-developed troop building,responsive and effective battle commanding and sound supervision feedback system.China can learn from the US in terms of institutional setting,security strategy making,reform of military command system,adjustment of military structure,and improvement of supervision system,etc.
出处
《国际安全研究》
2013年第2期104-123,158-159,共20页
Journal of International Security Studies
基金
教育部哲学社会科学重大攻关课题"世界主要国家安全体制机制研究"阶段性研究成果之一(项目编号:11JZD046)
