摘要
投资模式选择是国际FDI理论研究的一个重要领域,对跨国公司优化投资方案及东道国合理利用外资均具有战略意义。不少学者从国家、区位、企业等层面就这一问题进行了探究,而本文主要从产业视角,以我国准公共产品提供部门——医疗卫生行业为例,运用灰色关联分析(GRA)并结合案例实证研究外商在华直接投资模式选择的产业影响因素。研究结果表明,不同行业因其性质的差别,FDI模式选择的主要影响因素不完全一致;同一行业内因投资模式的区别,其影响因素的位序不同。具体就我国医疗卫生行业而言,行业市场规模、行业人力资本素质是影响合资、独资和合作三种FDI模式的共同显著因素;分模式看,行业人力资本素质、行业开放程度、行业市场规模分别是影响合资、独资和合作模式选择的首位因素。本文最后结合我国医疗卫生行业的特殊性,提出了引进外资的相关政策启示。
The selection about entry mode is an important topic of FDI theory in the world. It has a strategic significance for foreign multinational companies to optimize the investment programs and the host countries to make use of FDI rationally. Therefore, it has been paid special attention to by domestic and foreign relevant scholars. To sum up, most previous studies mainly focus on exploring the motives and influencing factors of entry mode selection from the aspects of national macro, regional medium, or enterprise micro. Few of them are involved with the industry perspective. Moreover, they regard basically the total FDI inflows as a data basis within a country during a given period, regardless of further classified research in different industries and different entry mode based on its FDI flows, which inevitably comes to inconsistent or even opposite conclusion. We think that the selection of FDI modes is an integrated balance result of a variety of factors, and is also complicatedly dynamically changeable according to the differences of the countries, regions, industries, their own conditions and motives of MNCs. This paper at- tempts to make the empirical study of the influence factors of FDI mode in Chinese medical and health industry based on gray relational analysis （GRA） and case methods, and explain what are major industry influence factors in choosing FDI entry mode for host country and how different investment patterns and different factors affect the sequence from the three investment forms of foreign joint ventures, wholly-owned and co-operation enterprises.
We combine the results of previous studies with the characteristics of healthcare industry using foreign direct investment to select the quantitative indicators. The eight indicators are host countries＇ industry market size, industry development potential, industry fixed investment, the quality of human capital, industry labor costs, industry infrastructure construction, the degree of industry openness and home countries＇ industry level of
出处
《经济管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第4期20-29,共10页
Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )
基金
国家社科基金"经济周期波动下FDI流动的就业转移效应与公共政策研究"(11BJY043)
云南省教育厅科学研究基金社科类重点项目"云南省利用FDI优化医院投资合作模式研究"(601110210208)
云南省哲学社会科学规划课题"云南省医院投资建设中引进外资完善公私合作模式研究"(YB201121)
关键词
外商直接投资
模式选择
医疗卫生行业
影响因素
灰色关联分析(GRA)
foreign direct investment（FDI）
mode choices
the medical and health industry
influence factors
gray relational analysis （GRA）
