摘要
热力学第二定律和进化论是19世纪50年代的两大自然科学成果,但却描绘了两幅完全相反的图景:热力学第二定律表明世界必然从有序走向无序,但进化论揭示的规律是生物不断从低级向高级进化,是一个越来越有序的过程。1969年普利高津提出的耗散结构理论将二者统一起来,同时也为热力学第二定律运用于人类社会领域提供了理论依据。人类社会系统符合耗散结构条件,人类社会既存在着熵增的必然态势,也存在着负熵流,人类的进化秩序及人类社会形态的变化秩序取决于宇宙法则、生命法则及理性法则之间的动态平衡。虽然人类凭智慧度过了一次次退化危机,一直保持着进化和发展态势,但也消耗了大量资源和能源,对环境造成了巨大破坏,这是人类社会在新世纪面临的最大挑战。
As two natural scientific achievements in 1850s, the second law of thermodynamics and the theory of e- volution describe two completely opposite picture： the second law of thermodynamics shows that the world develops inevitably from orderly to disorderly, but the theory of evolution reveals that creatures evolve constantly from lower to higher, which is a more and more orderly process Prigogine proposed dissipative structure theory in 1969, which unifies the second law of thermodynamics and the theory of evolution. The dissipative structure theory also provides a theoretical basis for the application of second law of thermodynamics to human society. The system of human soci- ety is in line with the conditions of dissipative structures with the inevitable increase of entropy and the negative en- tropy flow. Both the human evolution order and the morphological change order of human socie namic balance between the universe laws, life laws and rational laws. crises by their wisdom and keep the ergy and caused tremendous damage Although evolution and development trend, we have to the environment. That is our greatest c human beings consumed a lot ty depend on the dy- have overcome many of resources and en- hallenge in the new century.
出处
《常州大学学报（社会科学版）》
2013年第2期10-14,88,共6页
Journal of Changzhou University:Social Science Edition
基金
湖南省2012年度社会科学基金项目(12YBA058)
关键词
熵
社会
秩序
演进
entropy
society
order
evolution
