摘要
流域土地利用/覆被变化及其水文效应是当前全球变化研究的重要内容。为正确认识大兴安岭森林采伐对水文过程的影响,以诺敏河流域为例,在遥感和地理信息系统技术支持下,结合地形图和卫星遥感影像数据,获取1954—2005年诺敏河流域5期土地利用/覆被数据,在GIS空间分析模块下分析诺敏河流域土地利用/覆被变化过程,并探讨土地利用/覆被变化对水文过程的影响。结果表明,近50a诺敏河流域土地利用方式发生了明显变化,林地和草地分别减少1 940.1km2和748.99km2,与林草地的大面积减少相对应,耕地面积增加2 741.7km2。自1998年实施大兴安岭天然林保护工程以后,林地采伐和耕地开垦速率明显降低;土地利用/覆被变化影响年径流量,林地大规模减少、耕地明显增加的后期土地利用较前期径流量有所增加,且随着降雨的增多,土地利用变化对径流的影响效应随之增强。同一降雨条件下土地利用/覆被变化对径流的影响在生长季具有明显差异。
Land use/cover change and its effects on hydrologic processes are becoming an important aspect of global change research. In order to understand the effects of deforestation on hydrologic processes in the Daxing＇anling area, a five-stage land use/cover date base in the Nuomin River basin since 1954 was estab- lished based on remote sensing imagery data and topographic map. With GIS spatial analysis tools, the paper analyzed the land use/cover change characteristics and its effects on hydrologic process. Results indicated that land use changed prominently in the Nuomin River basin during the past five decades. Forest and grass- land decreased by 1 940. 10 and 748.99 km2 , respectively, and in contrast, cropland increased by 2 741.7 km2. Since the nature forest protection project came into force in the Daxing＇anling area in 1998, woodland reduction and farmland reclamation have showed a declined trend. Land use/cover change had effects on an- nual runoff and runoff increased during the late land use period with decreased forest and more cropland, and the impact of land use/cover change on runoff was strengthened in response to increased rainfall. Besides, the effects of land use/cover change on runoff production were characterized by seasonal fluctuation.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期23-28,共6页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目"东北半湿润区农田防护林生态环境效应遥感监测与评价"(KZCX1-YW-08-02-01)
关键词
诺敏河流域
遥感
土地利用
覆被
水文过程
Nuomin River basin
remote sensing
land use/cover
hydrologic process
