摘要
目的探讨急性脑血管疾病医院感染临床特征,为预防医院感染提供依据。方法调查分析2008年1月-2011年12月2240例急性脑血管疾病住院患者临床资料。结果 2240例患者发生医院感染160例,感染率为7.14%,其中呼吸道、泌尿系、消化系、皮肤软组织及口腔感染分别占51.25%、23.75%、12.50%、10.00%及2.50%;220份标本分离出病原菌172株,革兰阳性菌32株占18.60%、革兰阴性菌118株占68.61%、真菌22株占12.79%,革兰阴性菌中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)菌株46株;年龄大、昏迷状态、出血性疾病、侵入性诊疗操作、预防应用抗菌药物、卧床时间长是医院感染相关因素;医院感染死亡率10.63%,高于无医院感染死亡率的2.26%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论急性脑血管疾病医院感染发生率高,影响因素多,增加死亡率,应针对性医院感染的特征进行预防。
OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics of the nosocomial infections in the patients with acute cerebrovascular diseases so as to provide basis for the prevention of nosocomial infections.METHODS From Jan 2008 to Dec,the clinical data of 2240 patients with acute cerebrovascular diseases were investigated and analyzed.RESULTS Of 2240 patients investigated,the nosocomial infections occurred in 160 patients with the infection rate of 7.14%,among which 51.25% were with respiratory tract infections,23.75% with urinary tract infections,12.50% with gastrointestinal tract infections,10.00% with skin soft tissue infections,and 2.50% with oral infections.A total of 172 strains of pathogens were isolated from 220 specimens,including 32（18.60%） strains of gram-positive bacteria,118（68.61%） strains of gram-negative bacteria,and 22（12.79%） strains of fungi.There were 46 strains of extended spectrum beta-lactamase（ESBL）-producing gram-negative bacteria.The advanced age,invasive operation,prophylactic use of antibiotics,and long bedridden were the related factors for the nosocomial infections.The mortality rate of the patients with nosocomial infections was 10.63%,higher than 2.26% of the patients without nosocomial infections,the difference was statistically significant（P 0.05）.CONCLUSION The incidence of nosocomial infections is high in the patients with acute cerebrovascular diseases.There are many impact factors,and the mortality is increased,the prevention measures should be taken in response to the characteristics of the nosocomial infections.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期790-792,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
急性脑血管疾病
医院感染
临床特征
预防
Acute cerebrovascular disease
Nosocomial infection
Clinical features
Prevention
