摘要
目的探讨急性脑血管病患者在医院感染的相关因素及发病部位及病原菌分布特征。方法收集2017年5月-2018年8月温县人民医院收治的270例急性脑血管病患者的临床资料,分析和医院感染相关的危险因素,统计医院感染的发生部位和主要的病原菌分布特点。结果年龄> 60岁、住院时间在30天以上、合并意识障碍、球麻痹、接受侵袭性操作、处于急性期的老年脑血管病患者是医院感染的高危群体(P <0.05);是否预防性的应用抗生素和医院感染没有明显关系(P> 0.05)。下呼吸道是感染最多的部位,其次是皮肤软组织。上呼吸道、胃肠道、泌尿道等部位出现感染较少。病原菌以肺炎克雷伯菌和真菌最为常见。结论急性脑血管病患者发生医院感染的风险较高,预后差。感染通常是多种因素综合作用的结果,临床在积极治疗的基础上,还应重视护理工作,提前预防导致医院感染的高危因素,保证患者的治疗安全性。
Objective To explore the related factors of nosocomial infection in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease,the location of the disease and the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria.Methods The clinical data of 270 patients with acute cerebrovascular diseases admitted to wen county People’s Hospital from May 2017 to August 2018 were collected,the risk factors related to hospital infection were analyzed,and the occurrence location and main pathogenic bacteria distribution characteristics of hospital infection were counted.Results Elderly cerebrovascular patients with age>60 years old,hospitalization time over 30 days,combined with consciousness disorder,bulbar paralysis,invasive operation and acute stage were the high risk group of hospital infection(P<0.05).There was no significant relationship between prophylactic use of antibiotics and hospital infection(P>0.05).The lower respiratory tract is the most infected site,followed by skin and soft tissue.Fewer infections occurred in upper respiratory tract,gastrointestinal tract,urinary tract and other parts.Klebsiella pneumoniae and fungi were the most common pathogens.Conclusion Patients with acute cerebrovascular diseases have higher risk of nosocomial infection and poor prognosis.Infection is usually the result of a combination of many factors.On the basis of active treatment,clinical care should be paid more attention to in order to prevent the high-risk factors leading to hospital infection in advance and ensure the treatment safety of patients.
作者
杨双双
Yang Shuangshuang(Department of Neurology,wen county People's Hospital,Jiaozuo Henan 454850,China)
出处
《临床研究》
2019年第9期26-27,共2页
Clinical Research
关键词
急性脑血管病
医院感染
临床特征
病原菌
acute cerebrovascular disease
nosocomial infection
clinical features
pathogenic bacteria
