摘要
芽休眠是多年生落叶果树适应恶劣环境的生理过程,当低温需冷量满足且环境温度适宜时芽休眠解除并萌发,由休眠不足而引发的春季花期延长等现象对我国南方砂梨生产带来一定程度的影响。为此,特以早熟品种‘翠冠’为材料研究氰胺对花芽休眠解除及内源激素和碳水化合物含量的影响。物候期的调查结果表明:‘翠冠’花芽休眠期内喷施氰胺可提早花芽萌发,而且较高质量分数(2%)的氰胺促进花芽萌发的效果更显著;氰胺处理可提早‘翠冠’的初花期和盛花期但未提早果实成熟期。氰胺处理后花芽内源激素含量测定结果表明:氰胺处理后花芽中赤霉素(GA3)含量呈"上升—下降—上升"的变化趋势,处理20d后2%氰胺处理的GA3显著高于对照;与其他内源激素的变化相比氰胺对花芽中脱落酸(ABA)的含量影响更为显著,推测ABA在氰胺处理后花芽休眠解除过程中起重要作用。‘翠冠’花芽萌发过程中碳水化合物的转化表明,随着自然休眠的解除花芽内分生组织活动增强。
Summary Bud dormancy is an adaptive developmental process for perennial deciduous fruit trees to survive under the adverse environmental conditions, which is released when both the chilling requirement and growth temperature are achieved. Prolonged dormancy is considered to be the major obstacle to economic production of temperate fruits in warm winter regions. In Southern China, due to warm winter temperature, dormancy release becomes a major factor for production of Pyrus pyrifolia cv. Cuiguan. The irregular blossoming and delayed flowering behavior present in this crop may cause negative influence on pear industry of this region. In view of limiting factor in particular regions, the need for artificial means to compensate for lack of natural chilling for maintaining economic production of pear crop. Chemicals likewise hydrogen cyanamide （HC） and thiourea is widely used to overcome the bud release problem of insufficient chilling for deciduous fruits. P. pyrifolia is a good early maturing cultivar andcommercially grown in the region of Southern China. Now, Hydrogen cyanamide （HC） was used as a dormancy breaking agent for P. pyrifolia. Different concentration of hydrogen cyanamide （HC） was used to release floral buds from dormancy and duration of dormancy releasing periods of buds, to analyze the variation in endogenous hormones and carbohydrates. Survey was made during the phenological periods including floral bud breaking, flowering and fruit maturing and investigation were made by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） for the occurrence of changes in endogenous hormone contents including gibberellin （GAa）, abscisic acid （ABA） and zeatin riboside （ZR） and the data was recorded for carbohydrate conversion between starch and soluble sugar in floral bud. Data regarding phenological phase were analysed statistically. Results presented indicated that higher concentration of hydrogen cyanamide treatment （2%） was significantly proved better for early bud break and also in floresc
出处
《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期69-74,共6页
Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences
基金
国家现代农业产业(梨)技术体系建设专项资金资助项目(nycytx-29)
关键词
砂梨
氰胺
物候期
内源激素
碳水化合物
Pyrus pyrifolia cv. Cuiguan
hydrogen cyanamide
phenological phases
endogenoushormones
carbohydrate
