摘要
目的:探讨针对简单和复杂逃生任务时,直觉和分析在不同判断依据条件下的逃生决策效果。方法:采用两个主实验和两个预备实验。实验一和实验二的被试人数分别为:85人和87人。两个主实验均采取2(思维方式:直觉和分析)×2(判断依据:简单和复杂)组间实验设计。主要结果:(1)针对简单逃生任务,直觉组和分析组在不同判断依据条件下的逃生决策效果差异不明显;(2)针对复杂逃生任务,在简单判断依据条件下分析决策优于直觉决策;在复杂判断依据条件下直觉决策优于分析决策。主要结论:直觉性和分析性逃生决策的效果主要与决策任务的复杂程度有关,而与判断依据的复杂程度关系不大。
The purpose of the present study was to explore and compare the effects of intuition and deliberation in escape decision-making under emergency conditions. We adopted Dijksterhuis et al.＇s （2006） Unconscious Thinking Theory （UTT） to explain the effects of intuition and deliberation under emergency. We also attempted to extend the use of UTT in emergency situations. According to Dijksterhuis et al. （2006）, whether unconscious thought or conscious thought would yield better decisions depends on the complexity of the situation. However, we have noticed that for Dijksterhuis et al., the complexity of the situation only meant the complexity of judgment rather than the decision task, and the situation was limited to daily decision-making. In the present study, we further differentiated the complexity of decision conditions into the complexities of judgment references and decision tasks based on UTT, and attempted to examine the effects of intuition and deliberation when the complexities of judgment references and the decision tasks were both different under emergency. Dijksterhuis et al. （2006） demonstrated that conscious thought was better in making the best choice among simple conditions, whereas unconscious thought was better in making the best choice among complex conditions Although unconscious thought is not the same as intuition, they are both unconscious processing. The difference is that intuition appears immediately, but unconscious thought needs time. Deliberation could be same as conscious thought. So it is comparable between unconscious and conscious thought, and intuition and deliberation. Accordingly, our main hypotheses were established based on UTT. Hypothesis one was that the effect of deliberation was better than that of intuition under simple judgment reference and simple decision task condition. Hypothesis two was that the effect of intuition was better than that of deliberation under complex judgment reference and complex decision task conditions. The study consisted of two main
出处
《心理学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第1期94-103,共10页
Acta Psychologica Sinica
基金
清华大学自主科研资助项目(资助号:2010TH204)
关键词
逃生决策
直觉
分析
紧急应激
escape decision-making
intuition
deliberation
emergency
