摘要
我国是大豆原产国,已有五千多年种植史。改革开放前,我国大豆产量和出口量雄居世界首位,但从1996年开始,我国由大豆出口国变为大豆净进口国,且进口量连年递增,严重影响了我国粮食安全。本文简述了我国大豆由净出口国变为净进口国的发展过程,分析了其转变的原因,从维护国家粮食安全、保护中华民族健康的战略高度思考,深入分析,指出了大豆严重依赖进口对我国经济社会发展的巨大危害,并对大豆主产国在发展大豆产业方面的经验进行了总结,提出了加大科技投入培育优良品种、创新栽培和田间管理方法,调整大豆产业布局使大豆产供销精深加工集中区域化,扩大花生菜籽及其它油料作物种植替代进口大豆,加强国家政策支持与引导力度促进大豆产业快速发展等对策建议。
China is the origin of soybean,and has planted soybean for more than five thousand years.Before the reform and opening up,China＇s soybean production and export volume ranks first in the world.Since 1996,China has become a net importer,and the import volume increased year after year,which seriously affected China＇s grain security.In this paper,we analyzed the reasons why China becomes a net soybean importer,and discussed the disadvantages of relying too heavily on soybean import from the perspectives of maintaining national food security and protecting the health and the wisdom of the Chinese nation.Finally,based on the experiences of major soybean producing countries,we proposed the following suggestions to develop China soybean industry：increase investments to developing well-adapted varieties and innovating cultivation and field management;adjust the layout of the soybean industry to make the production and deep processing of soybean centralized in the same region;enlarge the planting area of peanuts,rapeseed and other oil crops to replace imported transgenic soybean;enhance the policy supporting efforts to promote the rapid development of soybean industry.
出处
《大豆科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期1013-1016,共4页
Soybean Science
