摘要
清末颁布的《奏定学堂章程》,将《孝经》和《四书》《五经》等儒家经典列入中小学堂"读经讲经"科目,体现出时人对儒家经典价值的认同和自觉传承。细读该章程文本不难发现,中小学堂"读经讲经"课程实施中,注重"博""约"相济,避免"泛滥无实";系统设置,少读浅解,循序而渐进;善于诱导,晓之以义,慎之以罚;区分天资秉性而因材施教,明确反对"强责背诵";兼顾"中学"和"西学",实现"无一荒经之人";将修身诸科目与"读经讲经"相融通,发挥育人的综合效能。这对当代切实重视经典价值的传承,优化经典教育内容的设置,破解经典教育面临的难题,增强经典教育的可行性和实效性,都会有所启示。
In The Memorial School Regulations issued by the late Qing government, Confucian classics like Filial Piety, the Four Books, and Five Classics were listed as the subjects of ＂Reading and Instructing Classics＂ in primary and secondary schools. This reflects People＇s recognition and conscious inheriting of the value of the Confucian classics at that age. When read the regulations carefully, it is not difficult to find that during the implementation of the curriculum of ＂Reading and Instructing Classics＂, great atten- tion was paid to balancing generalization and simplicity to avoid plenty of folderol; curriculum was set sys- tematically with small amount of reading and brief explanation to facilitate gradual improvement; guid- ance, convincing and careful penalty were advocated; teaching students in accordance with their aptitude was embraced, while learning by rote was opposed; consideration was given to both Chinese traditional learning and Western learning in order to make nobody neglect classics; and the self-cultivation subjectsand ＂Reading and people. This has setting of classic strengthening the Instructing Classics＂ were integrated to perform the comprehensive functions of fostering implications for attaching importance to the inheriting of classic values, optimizing the educational content, solving the difficult problems faced by classic education and feasibility and effectiveness of such education.
出处
《教育学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第6期26-32,共7页
Journal of Educational Studies
基金
北京市教育科学"十一五"规划重点课题"儒学经典价值与中小学经典教育可行性研究"(课题批准号:AFA10147)成果之一
关键词
《奏定学堂章程》
癸卯学制
读经讲经
儒家经典
经典教育
The Memorial School Regulations
Gui-mao School System
Reading and Instructing Clas- sics
Confucian classics
classics education
